Template:Infobox hydrogen

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Hydrogen,  1H
Template:Infobox element/symbol-to-top-image-alt
General properties
PronunciationTemplate:Infobox element/pronunciation
Appearancecolorless gas
Standard atomic weight (Ar, standard)Template:Infobox element/standard atomic weight
Mass numberTemplate:Infobox element/symbol-to-most-stable-isotope (most stable isotope)
Hydrogen in the periodic table
Template:Infobox element/periodic table
Atomic number (Z)1
GroupTemplate:Infobox element/group
Periodperiod 1
Blocks-block
Element categoryTemplate:Infobox element/category format
Electron configuration1s1
Electrons per shell
1
Physical properties
Phase at STPgas
Melting point13.99 K ​(−259.16 °C, ​−434.49 °F)
Boiling point20.271 K ​(−252.879 °C, ​−423.182 °F)
Density (at STP)0.08988 g/L
when liquid (at m.p.)0.07 g/cm3 (solid: 0.0763 g/cm3)[1]
when liquid (at b.p.)0.07099 g/cm3
Triple point13.8033 K, ​7.041 kPa
Critical point32.938 K, 1.2858 MPa
Heat of fusion(H2) 0.117 kJ/mol
[[Enthalpy of vaporization|Heat of Template:Engvar]](H2) 0.904 kJ/mol
Molar heat capacity(H2) 28.836 J/(mol·K)
[[Vapor pressure|Template:Engvar pressure]]
Atomic properties
Oxidation statesTemplate:Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state
ElectronegativityPauling scale: 2.20
[[Ionization energy|Template:Engvar energies]]
  • 1st: 1312.0 kJ/mol
Covalent radius31±5 pm
Van der Waals radius120 pm
Template:Infobox element/spectral lines
Other properties
Crystal structure ​Template:Infobox element/crystal structure
Speed of sound1310 m/s (gas, 27 °C)
Thermal conductivity0.1805 W/(m·K)
Magnetic orderingdiamagnetic[2]
Magnetic susceptibility−3.98·10−6 cm3/mol (298 K)[3]
CAS Number12385-13-6
1333-74-0 (H2)
History
DiscoveryHenry Cavendish[4][5] (1766)
Named byAntoine Lavoisier[6] (1783)
Main isotopes of hydrogen
Template:Infobox element/isotopes table
| references

Template:Infobox element/element navigation Template:Template reference list Three of these references are named references. They may be cited in the containing articles as

  • <ref name="Nostrand" /> for the source from Van Nostrand's Encyclopedia
  • <ref name="nbb" /> for the source from Nature's Building Blocks
  • <ref name="Stwertka" /> for the source from A Guide to the Elements

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  1. ↑ Wiberg, Egon; Wiberg, Nils; Holleman, Arnold Frederick (2001). Inorganic chemistry. Academic Press. p. 240. ISBN 978-0123526519.
  2. ↑ Lide, D. R., ed. (2005). "Magnetic susceptibility of the elements and inorganic compounds". CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (PDF) (86th ed.). Boca Raton (FL): CRC Press. ISBN 978-0-8493-0486-6.
  3. ↑ Weast, Robert (1984). CRC, Handbook of Chemistry and Physics. Boca Raton, Florida: Chemical Rubber Company Publishing. pp. E110. ISBN 978-0-8493-0464-4.
  4. ↑ "Hydrogen". Van Nostrand's Encyclopedia of Chemistry. Wylie-Interscience. 2005. pp. 797–799. ISBN 978-0-471-61525-5.
  5. ↑ Emsley, John (2001). Nature's Building Blocks. Oxford: Oxford University Press. pp. 183–191. ISBN 978-0-19-850341-5.
  6. ↑ Stwertka, Albert (1996). A Guide to the Elements. Oxford University Press. pp. 16–21. ISBN 978-0-19-508083-4.
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