Template:Infobox erbium

Erbium,  ₆₈Er

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General properties
Pronunciation	Template:Infobox element/pronunciation
Appearance	silvery white
Standard atomic weight (Ar, standard)	Template:Infobox element/standard atomic weight
Mass number	Template:Infobox element/symbol-to-most-stable-isotope (most stable isotope)
Erbium in the periodic table
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Atomic number (Z)	68
Group	Template:Infobox element/group
Period	period 6
Block	f-block
Element category	Template:Infobox element/category format
Electron configuration	[Xe] 4f12 6s2
Electrons per shell	2, 8, 18, 30, 8, 2
Physical properties
Phase at STP	solid
Melting point	1802 K ​(1529 °C, ​2784 °F)
Boiling point	3141 K ​(2868 °C, ​5194 °F)
Density (near r.t.)	9.066 g/cm3
when liquid (at m.p.)	8.86 g/cm3
Heat of fusion	19.90 kJ/mol
[[Enthalpy of vaporization|Heat of Template:Engvar]]	280 kJ/mol
Molar heat capacity	28.12 J/(mol·K)
[[Vapor pressure|Template:Engvar pressure]] Template:Infobox element/vapor pressure table
Atomic properties
Oxidation states	Template:Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state
Electronegativity	Pauling scale: 1.24
[[Ionization energy|Template:Engvar energies]]	1st: 589.3 kJ/mol 2nd: 1150 kJ/mol 3rd: 2194 kJ/mol
Atomic radius	empirical: 176 pm
Covalent radius	189±6 pm
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Other properties
Crystal structure	​Template:Infobox element/crystal structure Template:Infobox element/crystal structure
Speed of sound thin rod	2830 m/s (at 20 °C)
Thermal expansion	poly: 12.2 µm/(m·K) (r.t.)
Thermal conductivity	14.5 W/(m·K)
Electrical resistivity	poly: 0.860 µΩ·m (r.t.)
Magnetic ordering	paramagnetic at 300 K
Magnetic susceptibility	+44,300.00·10−6 cm3/mol
Young's modulus	69.9 GPa
Shear modulus	28.3 GPa
Bulk modulus	44.4 GPa
Poisson ratio	0.237
Vickers hardness	430–700 MPa
Brinell hardness	600–1070 MPa
CAS Number	7440-52-0
History
Naming	after Ytterby (Sweden), where it was mined
Discovery	Carl Gustaf Mosander (1843)
Main isotopes of erbium
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