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'''Karbala''' is a city in Iraq, some 60 miles southwest of Baghdad, celebrated by the fact that the Prophet’s grandson, [[Hussain ibn Ali|Hussain b. ʿAli]] was killed and his decapitated body buried there. In fact, Karbala is one of the four Shi’ite shrine cities (with [[Najaf]], Kazemayn, and Samarra) in Iraq known in Shi’ite Islam as [[‘atabat]]-e ‘aliat. When it became a place of pilgrimage, Karbala became known as Mashhad (al-) Hussain. | '''Karbala''' is a city in Iraq, some 60 miles southwest of Baghdad, celebrated by the fact that the Prophet’s grandson, [[Hussain ibn Ali|Hussain b. ʿAli]] was killed and his decapitated body buried there. In fact, Karbala is one of the four Shi’ite shrine cities (with [[Najaf]], Kazemayn, and Samarra) in Iraq known in Shi’ite Islam as [[‘atabat]]-e ‘aliat. When it became a place of pilgrimage, Karbala became known as Mashhad (al-) Hussain. | ||
[[File:Karbala.jpg|thumb|The two shrines of [[Hussain ibn Ali|Imam al-Hussain]] and [[Abbas B. Ali B. Abu Taleb|Abbas ibn Ali]] are two main features of Karbala]] | |||
==Battle of Karbala== | ==Battle of Karbala== | ||
When the first Umayyad Caliph, [[Mu’awiya]], died in 680 C.E., his son [[Yazid]] came to power. The majority of Muslims saw the nomination of Yazid to the [[Caliphate]] as a usurpation of the notion of consensus (ijma’), the legitimate means of choosing a Caliph. When Hussain received confirmation of the loyalty of the Kufis from his cousin, [[Muslim ibn Aqil]], he headed toward Kufa. On his way, Hussain learned that his cousin died at the hands of Yazid’s men and that the Kufis had shifted their allegiance to Yazid. | When the first Umayyad Caliph, [[Mu’awiya]], died in 680 C.E., his son [[Yazid]] came to power. The majority of Muslims saw the nomination of Yazid to the [[Caliphate]] as a usurpation of the notion of consensus (ijma’), the legitimate means of choosing a Caliph. When Hussain received confirmation of the loyalty of the Kufis from his cousin, [[Muslim ibn Aqil]], he headed toward Kufa. On his way, Hussain learned that his cousin died at the hands of Yazid’s men and that the Kufis had shifted their allegiance to Yazid. | ||