Latest revision as of 18:09, 11 November 2018
Erbium, 68Er |
General properties |
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Pronunciation | Template:Infobox element/pronunciation |
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Appearance | silvery white |
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Standard atomic weight (Ar, standard) | Template:Infobox element/standard atomic weight |
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Mass number | Template:Infobox element/symbol-to-most-stable-isotope (most stable isotope) |
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Erbium in the periodic table |
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Template:Infobox element/periodic table |
Atomic number (Z) | 68 |
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Group | Template:Infobox element/group |
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Period | period 6 |
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Block | f-block |
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Element category | Template:Infobox element/category format |
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Electron configuration | [Xe] 4f12 6s2 |
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Electrons per shell | 2, 8, 18, 30, 8, 2 |
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Physical properties |
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Phase at STP | solid |
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Melting point | 1802 K (1529 °C, 2784 °F) |
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Boiling point | 3141 K (2868 °C, 5194 °F) |
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Density (near r.t.) | 9.066 g/cm3 |
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when liquid (at m.p.) | 8.86 g/cm3 |
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Heat of fusion | 19.90 kJ/mol |
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[[Enthalpy of vaporization|Heat of Template:Engvar]] | 280 kJ/mol |
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Molar heat capacity | 28.12 J/(mol·K) |
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[[Vapor pressure|Template:Engvar pressure]] |
Atomic properties |
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Oxidation states | Template:Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state |
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Electronegativity | Pauling scale: 1.24 |
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[[Ionization energy|Template:Engvar energies]] | - 1st: 589.3 kJ/mol
- 2nd: 1150 kJ/mol
- 3rd: 2194 kJ/mol
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Atomic radius | empirical: 176 pm |
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Covalent radius | 189±6 pm |
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Template:Infobox element/spectral lines |
Other properties |
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Crystal structure | Template:Infobox element/crystal structure |
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Speed of sound thin rod | 2830 m/s (at 20 °C) |
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Thermal expansion | poly: 12.2 µm/(m·K) (r.t.) |
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Thermal conductivity | 14.5 W/(m·K) |
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Electrical resistivity | poly: 0.860 µΩ·m (r.t.) |
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Magnetic ordering | paramagnetic at 300 K |
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Magnetic susceptibility | +44,300.00·10−6 cm3/mol[1] |
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Young's modulus | 69.9 GPa |
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Shear modulus | 28.3 GPa |
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Bulk modulus | 44.4 GPa |
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Poisson ratio | 0.237 |
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Vickers hardness | 430–700 MPa |
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Brinell hardness | 600–1070 MPa |
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CAS Number | 7440-52-0 |
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History |
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Naming | after Ytterby (Sweden), where it was mined |
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Discovery | Carl Gustaf Mosander (1843) |
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Main isotopes of erbium |
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Template:Infobox element/isotopes table |
| references |
Template:Infobox element/element navigation
Template:Template reference list
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- ↑ Weast, Robert (1984). CRC, Handbook of Chemistry and Physics. Boca Raton, Florida: Chemical Rubber Company Publishing. pp. E110. ISBN 0-8493-0464-4.