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'''Jean Calmard''' (1931 - 2017) was a well-known French scholar of Iranian and Islamic history. He is interested in the history of early [[Shiʿa|Shi'ism]] and, in particular, events related to [[Ashura]]. | '''Jean Calmard''' (1931 - 2017) was a well-known French scholar of Iranian and Islamic history. He is interested in the history of early [[Shiʿa|Shi'ism]] and, in particular, events related to [[Ashura]]. | ||
[[File:Jean Calmard.jpg|thumbnail|Jean Calmard]] | [[File:Jean Calmard.jpg|thumbnail|Jean Calmard]] | ||
[[fa:ژان کالمار]] | |||
==Biography== | ==Biography== | ||
Jean Calmard, after his graduation, entered the French navy, where he served for several years before gaining employment related to international trade. In the early 1960s, Calmard spent three years traveling in Iran, Afghanistan, and India. It was during this time that he developed a strong passion for the culture of the Persian-speaking world and set his sights on pursuing research in this area. Upon returning to Paris, he obtained a diploma in Persian and Urdu at the Ecole Nationale des Langues Orientales Vivantes, and spent a year as a student at the University of Tehran from 1967 to 1968. Soon after returning to Paris in 1968, he gained employment as a researcher at the Centre national de la recherche scientifique (CNRS) and joined Le Centre d'etudes islamiques et orientales d'histoire comparee (Center of Islamic and Oriental Studies of Comparative History), then under the leadership of Jean Aubin (1927-98). In 1975, he received a doctorate from University of Paris III: Sorbonne Nouvelle based on his doctoral dissertation titled Le culte de l'Imam Husayn. Etudes sur la commemoration du drame de Karbala dans l'Iran pre-safavide (The Cult of Imam Husayn. Studies on the Commemoration of the Drama of Karbara in Iran before the Safavid Era). | Jean Calmard, after his graduation, entered the French navy, where he served for several years before gaining employment related to international trade. In the early 1960s, Calmard spent three years traveling in Iran, Afghanistan, and India. It was during this time that he developed a strong passion for the culture of the Persian-speaking world and set his sights on pursuing research in this area. Upon returning to Paris, he obtained a diploma in Persian and Urdu at the Ecole Nationale des Langues Orientales Vivantes, and spent a year as a student at the University of Tehran from 1967 to 1968. Soon after returning to Paris in 1968, he gained employment as a researcher at the Centre national de la recherche scientifique (CNRS) and joined Le Centre d'etudes islamiques et orientales d'histoire comparee (Center of Islamic and Oriental Studies of Comparative History), then under the leadership of Jean Aubin (1927-98). In 1975, he received a doctorate from University of Paris III: Sorbonne Nouvelle based on his doctoral dissertation titled Le culte de l'Imam Husayn. Etudes sur la commemoration du drame de Karbala dans l'Iran pre-safavide (The Cult of Imam Husayn. Studies on the Commemoration of the Drama of Karbara in Iran before the Safavid Era). | ||