Template:Infobox praseodymium

Praseodymium,  ₅₉Pr

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General properties
Pronunciation	Template:Infobox element/pronunciation
Appearance	grayish white
Standard atomic weight (Ar, standard)	Template:Infobox element/standard atomic weight
Mass number	Template:Infobox element/symbol-to-most-stable-isotope (most stable isotope)
Praseodymium in the periodic table
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Atomic number (Z)	59
Group	Template:Infobox element/group
Period	period 6
Block	f-block
Element category	Template:Infobox element/category format
Electron configuration	[Xe] 4f3 6s2
Electrons per shell	2, 8, 18, 21, 8, 2
Physical properties
Phase at STP	solid
Melting point	1208 K ​(935 °C, ​1715 °F)
Boiling point	3403 K ​(3130 °C, ​5666 °F)
Density (near r.t.)	6.77 g/cm3
when liquid (at m.p.)	6.50 g/cm3
Heat of fusion	6.89 kJ/mol
[[Enthalpy of vaporization|Heat of Template:Engvar]]	331 kJ/mol
Molar heat capacity	27.20 J/(mol·K)
[[Vapor pressure|Template:Engvar pressure]] Template:Infobox element/vapor pressure table
Atomic properties
Oxidation states	Template:Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state
Electronegativity	Pauling scale: 1.13
[[Ionization energy|Template:Engvar energies]]	1st: 527 kJ/mol 2nd: 1020 kJ/mol 3rd: 2086 kJ/mol
Atomic radius	empirical: 182 pm
Covalent radius	203±7 pm
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Other properties
Crystal structure	​Template:Infobox element/crystal structure Template:Infobox element/crystal structure
Speed of sound thin rod	2280 m/s (at 20 °C)
Thermal expansion	α, poly: 6.7 µm/(m·K) (at r.t.)
Thermal conductivity	12.5 W/(m·K)
Electrical resistivity	α, poly: 0.700 µΩ·m (at r.t.)
Magnetic ordering	paramagnetic
Magnetic susceptibility	+5010.0·10−6 cm3/mol (293 K)
Young's modulus	α form: 37.3 GPa
Shear modulus	α form: 14.8 GPa
Bulk modulus	α form: 28.8 GPa
Poisson ratio	α form: 0.281
Vickers hardness	250–745 MPa
Brinell hardness	250–640 MPa
CAS Number	7440-10-0
History
Discovery	Carl Auer von Welsbach (1885)
Main isotopes of praseodymium
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