Template:Infobox lanthanum

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Lanthanum,  57La
Template:Infobox element/symbol-to-top-image-alt
General properties
PronunciationTemplate:Infobox element/pronunciation
Appearancesilvery white
Standard atomic weight (Ar, standard)Template:Infobox element/standard atomic weight
Mass numberTemplate:Infobox element/symbol-to-most-stable-isotope (most stable isotope)
Lanthanum in the periodic table
Template:Infobox element/periodic table
Atomic number (Z)57
GroupTemplate:Infobox element/group
Periodperiod 6
Blockd-block
Element categoryTemplate:Infobox element/category format, sometimes considered a transition metal
Electron configuration[Xe] 5d1 6s2
Electrons per shell
2, 8, 18, 18, 9, 2
Physical properties
Phase at STPsolid
Melting point1193 K ​(920 °C, ​1688 °F)
Boiling point3737 K ​(3464 °C, ​6267 °F)
Density (near r.t.)6.162 g/cm3
when liquid (at m.p.)5.94 g/cm3
Heat of fusion6.20 kJ/mol
[[Enthalpy of vaporization|Heat of Template:Engvar]]400 kJ/mol
Molar heat capacity27.11 J/(mol·K)
[[Vapor pressure|Template:Engvar pressure]] (extrapolated)
Atomic properties
Oxidation statesTemplate:Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state
ElectronegativityPauling scale: 1.10
[[Ionization energy|Template:Engvar energies]]
  • 1st: 538.1 kJ/mol
  • 2nd: 1067 kJ/mol
  • 3rd: 1850.3 kJ/mol
Atomic radiusempirical: 187 pm
Covalent radius207±8 pm
Template:Infobox element/spectral lines
Other properties
Crystal structureTemplate:Infobox element/crystal structure
Speed of sound thin rod2475 m/s (at 20 °C)
Thermal expansionα, poly: 12.1 µm/(m·K) (at r.t.)
Thermal conductivity13.4 W/(m·K)
Electrical resistivityα, poly: 615 nΩ·m (at r.t.)
Magnetic orderingparamagnetic[1]
Magnetic susceptibility+118.0·10−6 cm3/mol (298 K)[2]
Young's modulusα form: 36.6 GPa
Shear modulusα form: 14.3 GPa
Bulk modulusα form: 27.9 GPa
Poisson ratioα form: 0.280
Mohs hardness2.5
Vickers hardness360–1750 MPa
Brinell hardness350–400 MPa
CAS Number7439-91-0
History
DiscoveryCarl Gustaf Mosander (1838)
Main isotopes of lanthanum
Template:Infobox element/isotopes table
| references

Template:Infobox element/element navigation Template:Template reference list Expression error: Unrecognized word "template".

  1. Lide, D. R., ed. (2005). "Magnetic susceptibility of the elements and inorganic compounds". CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (PDF) (86th ed.). Boca Raton (FL): CRC Press. ISBN 0-8493-0486-5.
  2. Weast, Robert (1984). CRC, Handbook of Chemistry and Physics. Boca Raton, Florida: Chemical Rubber Company Publishing. pp. E110. ISBN 0-8493-0464-4.