Template:Infobox platinum

Platinum,  ₇₈Pt

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General properties
Pronunciation	Template:Infobox element/pronunciation
Appearance	silvery white
Standard atomic weight (Ar, standard)	Template:Infobox element/standard atomic weight
Mass number	Template:Infobox element/symbol-to-most-stable-isotope (most stable isotope)
Platinum in the periodic table
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Atomic number (Z)	78
Group	Template:Infobox element/group
Period	period 6
Block	d-block
Element category	Template:Infobox element/category format
Electron configuration	[Xe] 4f14 5d9 6s1
Electrons per shell	2, 8, 18, 32, 17, 1
Physical properties
Phase at STP	solid
Melting point	2041.4 K ​(1768.3 °C, ​3214.9 °F)
Boiling point	4098 K ​(3825 °C, ​6917 °F)
Density (near r.t.)	21.45 g/cm3
when liquid (at m.p.)	19.77 g/cm3
Heat of fusion	22.17 kJ/mol
[[Enthalpy of vaporization|Heat of Template:Engvar]]	510 kJ/mol
Molar heat capacity	25.86 J/(mol·K)
[[Vapor pressure|Template:Engvar pressure]] Template:Infobox element/vapor pressure table
Atomic properties
Oxidation states	Template:Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state
Electronegativity	Pauling scale: 2.28
[[Ionization energy|Template:Engvar energies]]	1st: 870 kJ/mol 2nd: 1791 kJ/mol
Atomic radius	empirical: 139 pm
Covalent radius	136±5 pm
Van der Waals radius	175 pm
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Other properties
Crystal structure	​Template:Infobox element/crystal structure Template:Infobox element/crystal structure
Speed of sound thin rod	2800 m/s (at r.t.)
Thermal expansion	8.8 µm/(m·K) (at 25 °C)
Thermal conductivity	71.6 W/(m·K)
Electrical resistivity	105 nΩ·m (at 20 °C)
Magnetic ordering	paramagnetic
Magnetic susceptibility	+201.9·10−6 cm3/mol (290 K)
Tensile strength	125–240 MPa
Young's modulus	168 GPa
Shear modulus	61 GPa
Bulk modulus	230 GPa
Poisson ratio	0.38
Mohs hardness	3.5
Vickers hardness	400–550 MPa
Brinell hardness	300–500 MPa
CAS Number	7440-06-4
History
Discovery	Antonio de Ulloa (1735)
Main isotopes of platinum
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