Template:Infobox rubidium: Difference between revisions

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Rubidium,  37Rb
Template:Infobox element/symbol-to-top-image-alt
General properties
PronunciationTemplate:Infobox element/pronunciation
Appearancegrey white
Standard atomic weight (Ar, standard)Template:Infobox element/standard atomic weight
Mass numberTemplate:Infobox element/symbol-to-most-stable-isotope (most stable isotope)
Rubidium in the periodic table
Template:Infobox element/periodic table
Atomic number (Z)37
GroupTemplate:Infobox element/group
Periodperiod 5
Blocks-block
Element categoryTemplate:Infobox element/category format
Electron configuration[Kr] 5s1
Electrons per shell
2, 8, 18, 8, 1
Physical properties
Phase at STPsolid
Melting point312.45 K ​(39.30 °C, ​102.74 °F)
Boiling point961 K ​(688 °C, ​1270 °F)
Density (near r.t.)1.532 g/cm3
when liquid (at m.p.)1.46 g/cm3
Triple point312.41 K, ​? kPa[1]
Critical point2093 K, 16 MPa (extrapolated)[1]
Heat of fusion2.19 kJ/mol
[[Enthalpy of vaporization|Heat of Template:Engvar]]69 kJ/mol
Molar heat capacity31.060 J/(mol·K)
[[Vapor pressure|Template:Engvar pressure]]
Atomic properties
Oxidation statesTemplate:Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state
ElectronegativityPauling scale: 0.82
[[Ionization energy|Template:Engvar energies]]
  • 1st: 403 kJ/mol
  • 2nd: 2632.1 kJ/mol
  • 3rd: 3859.4 kJ/mol
Atomic radiusempirical: 248 pm
Covalent radius220±9 pm
Van der Waals radius303 pm
Template:Infobox element/spectral lines
Other properties
Crystal structure ​Template:Infobox element/crystal structure
Speed of sound thin rod1300 m/s (at 20 °C)
Thermal expansion90 µm/(m·K)[2] (at r.t.)
Thermal conductivity58.2 W/(m·K)
Electrical resistivity128 nΩ·m (at 20 °C)
Magnetic orderingparamagnetic[3]
Magnetic susceptibility+17.0·10−6 cm3/mol (303 K)[4]
Young's modulus2.4 GPa
Bulk modulus2.5 GPa
Mohs hardness0.3
Brinell hardness0.216 MPa
CAS Number7440-17-7
History
DiscoveryRobert Bunsen and Gustav Kirchhoff (1861)
First isolationGeorge de Hevesy
Main isotopes of rubidium
Template:Infobox element/isotopes table
| references

Template:Infobox element/element navigation Template:Template reference list Expression error: Unrecognized word "template".

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Template:RubberBible92nd
  2. ↑ Cverna, Fran (2002). "Ch. 2 Thermal Expansion". ASM Ready Reference: Thermal properties of metals (PDF). ASM International. ISBN 978-0-87170-768-0.
  3. ↑ Lide, D. R., ed. (2005). "Magnetic susceptibility of the elements and inorganic compounds". CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (PDF) (86th ed.). Boca Raton (FL): CRC Press. ISBN 0-8493-0486-5.
  4. ↑ Weast, Robert (1984). CRC, Handbook of Chemistry and Physics. Boca Raton, Florida: Chemical Rubber Company Publishing. pp. E110. ISBN 0-8493-0464-4.
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