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'''Wahb b. Wahb''' (Arabic: وهب بن وهب) or '''Wahb b. 'Abd Allah b. Hubab al-Kalbi''' (Arabic: وهب بن عبدالله بن حباب الکلبی) was among companions of [[Hussain ibn Ali|Imam al-Hussain]] who was martyred at the Battle of [[Karbala]]. Wahb was a young Christian who converted to Islam by the guidance of Imam al-Hussain. He accompanied Imam in his journey to Karbala and was finally martyred on the Day of [[Ashura]].
'''Wahb b. Wahb''' (Arabic: وهب بن وهب) or '''Wahb b. 'Abd Allah b. Hubab al-Kalbi''' (Arabic: وهب بن عبدالله بن حباب الکلبی) was among the companions of [[Hussain ibn Ali|Imam al-Hussain]] who was martyred at the Battle of [[Karbala]]. Wahb was a young Christian who converted to Islam by the guidance of Imam al-Hussain. He accompanied the Imam in his journey to Karbala and was martyred on the day of [[Ashura]].


He was among those who were listed among martyrs of Karbala by the majority of sources. However, there are some disagreements over his lineage. Some writers also doubted that a person called Wahb existed. Some sources only mentioned one person with this name in Karbala. However, more recent researches approved the existence of the mentioned Wahb as well as another person with a similar name (Wahb b. 'Abd Allah b. 'Umayr).
He was among those who were listed among martyrs of Karbala by the majority of sources, but there are some disagreements over his lineage. Some writers also doubted that a person called Wahb existed. Some sources only mentioned one person with this name in Karbala. However, more recent studies confirm the existence of the mentioned Wahb as well as another person with a similar name (Wahb b. 'Abd Allah b. 'Umayr).


==Name and Lineage==
==Name and Lineage==
Line 37: Line 37:
*Wahb b. 'Abd Allah b. Janab al-Kalbi al-Khwarizmi<ref>Khwārizmī, ''Maqtal al-Ḥusayn'', vol. 2, p. 15.</ref>
*Wahb b. 'Abd Allah b. Janab al-Kalbi al-Khwarizmi<ref>Khwārizmī, ''Maqtal al-Ḥusayn'', vol. 2, p. 15.</ref>


Some writers recognize two martyrs of Karbala who had the name of Wahb: Wahb b. Wahb and Wahb b. 'Abd Allah al-Kalbi.<ref>Majlisī, ''Biḥār al-anwār'', vol. 45, p. 16; vol. 44, p. 320.</ref> However, some sources consider all the above-mentioned names one person.<ref>Mūsawī Zanjānī, ''Wasīlat al-dārayn'', p. 203.</ref>
Some writers identified two different martyrs of Karbala who had the name of Wahb: Wahb b. Wahb and Wahb b. 'Abd Allah al-Kalbi.<ref>Majlisī, ''Biḥār al-anwār'', vol. 45, p. 16; vol. 44, p. 320.</ref> Other sources consider both names to refer to a single individual.<ref>Mūsawī Zanjānī, ''Wasīlat al-dārayn'', p. 203.</ref>


==Theory of Innovation and Mistake==
==Theory of Innovation and Mistake==
Some argue that all the above-mentioned names emerged as a result of innovation and mistake and believe that such a person did not participate in the battle of 'Karbala.<ref>''Maqtal-i jāmiʿ-i Sayyid al-shuhadāʾ'', vol. 1, p. 76.</ref> According to them, this person with all his different names was actually [[ʿAbd Allah b. ʿUmayr al-Kalbi|'Abd Allah b. 'Umayr al-Kalbi]] who was among the martyrs of Karbala and was considered among the old companions of [[Ali ibn Abi Talib|Imam Ali]] and Imam al-Hussain; and his name is mentioned in [[Ziyarah al-Shuhada]]' and Al-Ziyarah al-Rajabiyya li-l-Imam al-Hussain|al-Ziyarah al-Rajabiyya.<ref>Shūshtarī, ''Qāmūs al-rijāl'', vol. 10, p. 448.</ref>
A group of scholars argue that there was no person named Wahb b. Wahb who participated in the battle of 'Karbala,<ref>''Maqtal-i jāmiʿ-i Sayyid al-shuhadāʾ'', vol. 1, p. 76.</ref> and that his inclusion among the names is an error and innovation. They argue that Wahb b. Wahb is being confused with  [[ʿAbd Allah b. ʿUmayr al-Kalbi|'Abd Allah b. 'Umayr al-Kalbi]], one of the martyrs of Karbala that was among the companions of [[Ali ibn Abi Talib|Imam Ali]] and Imam al-Hussain and was mentioned in [[Ziyarah al-Shuhada]]' and Al-Ziyarah al-Rajabiyya li-l-Imam al-Hussain|al-Ziyarah al-Rajabiyya.<ref>Shūshtarī, ''Qāmūs al-rijāl'', vol. 10, p. 448.</ref>


Although there are some similarities between the events related to Wahb and [[Abd Allah b. 'Umayr al-Kalbi|'Abd Allah b. 'Umayr]], many sources believe the existence of the two person with a similar profile possible due to many differences in the events reported about them. The most important difference between the two is that sources introduced Wahb Christian who became Muslim by the guidance of Imam al-Hussain; while, they mentioned that 'Abd Allah b. 'Umayr was among the old companions of Imam al-Hussain.<ref>Muḥammadī Riyshahrī, ''Dānishnāma-yi Imām Ḥusayn'', vol. 6, p. 381.</ref>
On the other hand, other scholars argue that while similarities may exist between Wahb and [[Abd Allah b. 'Umayr al-Kalbi|'Abd Allah b. 'Umayr]], the existence of two separate individuals is still plausible due to several key differences in their narratives. For example, the sources described Wahb as Christian who converted to Islam under the guidance of Imam al-Hussain, while,they describe 'Abd Allah b. 'Umayr as one of the oldest companions of Imam al-Hussain (who was never a Christian).<ref>Muḥammadī Riyshahrī, ''Dānishnāma-yi Imām Ḥusayn'', vol. 6, p. 381.</ref>


==Umm Wahb==
==Umm Wahb==
Umm Wahb was the daughter of 'Abd from the family of Namir b. Qasit and the wife of 'Abd Allah b. 'Umayr Kalbi was among the martyrs of the event of Karbala. Some sources considered her, the mother of Wahb b. Wahb;<ref>Shams al-Dīn, ''Yārān-i  Ḥusayn (a)'', p. 112.</ref> however, studying different sources and comparing reports of the martyrs on the day of 'Ashura show that mother of Wahb was another person and does not have any relation with Umm Wahb, daughter of 'Abd Allah.<ref>Nāẓimzāda-yi Qummī, ''Aṣḥāb-i Imām Ḥusayn'', p. 597.</ref>
Umm Wahb was the daughter of 'Abd from the family of Namir b. Qasit and the wife of 'Abd Allah b. 'Umayr Kalbi. She was among the martyrs of Karbala. Some sources considered her the mother of Wahb b. Wahb.<ref>Shams al-Dīn, ''Yārān-i  Ḥusayn (a)'', p. 112.</ref> However, a comparison of reports on the martyrs of Karbala shows  that the mother of Wahb was a different person that had no relation with Umm Wahb, daughter of 'Abd Allah.<ref>Nāẓimzāda-yi Qummī, ''Aṣḥāb-i Imām Ḥusayn'', p. 597.</ref>


==Martyrdom==
==Martyrdom==
It is reported that Wahb went to the battlefield after Burayr b. Khudayr,<ref>Ibn Ṭāwūs, ''al-Luhūf'', p. 105; Ibn Aʿtham, ''al-Futūḥ'', vol. 5, p. 104; Ibn Shahrāshūb, ''Manāqib Āl Abī Ṭālib'', vol. 4, p. 101.</ref> or Ziyad b. Muhajir al-Kindi<ref>Ṣadūq, ''al-Amālī'', p. 161.</ref> and before 'Amr b. Khalid al-Azdi, or Muslim b. 'Awsaja al-Asadi,<ref>Ibn Ṭāwūs, ''al-Luhūf'', p. 105.</ref> or Hilal b. al-Hajjaj.<ref>Ṣadūq, ''al-Amālī'', p. 161.</ref> There are different reports about his fight. It is said that he returned to his mother and wife in the middle of the fight and asked his mother if she was satisfied with him? His mother answered that she would be satisfied with him when he is killed in the way of Imam al-Hussain."<ref>Khwārizmī, ''Maqtal al-Ḥusayn'', vol. 2, p. 16; Qummī, ''Nafas al-mahmūm'', p. 258-259.</ref> Also, there are reports about his conversation with his wife then.<ref>Khwārizmī, ''Maqtal al-Ḥusayn'', vol. 2, p. 16.</ref>
It is reported that Wahb went to the battlefield after Burayr b. Khudayr,<ref>Ibn Ṭāwūs, ''al-Luhūf'', p. 105; Ibn Aʿtham, ''al-Futūḥ'', vol. 5, p. 104; Ibn Shahrāshūb, ''Manāqib Āl Abī Ṭālib'', vol. 4, p. 101.</ref> or Ziyad b. Muhajir al-Kindi<ref>Ṣadūq, ''al-Amālī'', p. 161.</ref> and before 'Amr b. Khalid al-Azdi, or Muslim b. 'Awsaja al-Asadi,<ref>Ibn Ṭāwūs, ''al-Luhūf'', p. 105.</ref> or Hilal b. al-Hajjaj.<ref>Ṣadūq, ''al-Amālī'', p. 161.</ref> There are different reports about his fight. It is said that he returned to his mother and wife in the middle of the fight and asked his mother if she was satisfied with him. His mother responded that she would be satisfied with him when he is killed in the way of Imam al-Hussain.<ref>Khwārizmī, ''Maqtal al-Ḥusayn'', vol. 2, p. 16; Qummī, ''Nafas al-mahmūm'', p. 258-259.</ref> There are also reports about his conversation with his wife .<ref>Khwārizmī, ''Maqtal al-Ḥusayn'', vol. 2, p. 16.</ref>


The way Wahb was martyred is also subject to some disagreements. <ref>See: Ṣadūq, ''al-Amālī'', p. 161; Khwārizmī, ''Maqtal al-Ḥusayn'', vol. 2, p. 16.</ref> It seems that some reports are mixed with the events related to the [[Martyrdom]] of 'Abd Allah b. 'Umayr al-Kalbi. Moreover, others mentioned his wife went to the battlefield, grasped his clothes and said that, "I would not return until I am killed with you", and Imam al-Hussain returned her to the tent with the promise of receiving good rewards in the hereafter; so, she returned to other women.<ref>Ibn Ṭāwūs, ''al-Luhūf'', p. 106.</ref> It is said that Wahb killed twelve footsoldiers and nineteen horsemen of the army of [[Omar Ibn Sa’d|Ibn Sa'd]].<ref>Qummī, ''Nafas al-mahmūm'', p. 259.</ref> Then, he was taken captive and was beheaded by the order of 'Umar b. Sa'd. Then, they threw his head toward the army of Imam al-Hussain.<ref>Ṣadūq, ''al-Amālī'', p. 161; Khwārizmī, ''Maqtal al-Ḥusayn'', vol. 2, p. 15.</ref>
There are also disagreements about the way Wahb was martyred. <ref>See: Ṣadūq, ''al-Amālī'', p. 161; Khwārizmī, ''Maqtal al-Ḥusayn'', vol. 2, p. 16.</ref> It seems that some reports are mixed with the events related to the [[Martyrdom]] of 'Abd Allah b. 'Umayr al-Kalbi. Additionally, other reports mentioned that his wife went to the battlefield, grasped his clothes and said , "I will not return until I am killed with you", and Imam al-Hussain returned her to the tent with the promise of receiving good rewards in the hereafter.<ref>Ibn Ṭāwūs, ''al-Luhūf'', p. 106.</ref> It is said that Wahb killed twelve foot soldiers and nineteen horsemen of the army of [[Omar Ibn Sa’d|Ibn Sa'd]].<ref>Qummī, ''Nafas al-mahmūm'', p. 259.</ref> Then, he was taken captive and beheaded by the order of 'Umar b. Sa'd, who threw his head toward the army of Imam al-Hussain.<ref>Ṣadūq, ''al-Amālī'', p. 161; Khwārizmī, ''Maqtal al-Ḥusayn'', vol. 2, p. 15.</ref>


==In Media==
==In Media==
The story of Wahb was shown in the 17th episode of [[Mukhtar-nameh]] TV series in 22 minutes. In this episode, Hamid Mirbaqiri acted as Wahb. Mukhtar-nameh was a TV series directed by Dawud Mirbaqiri and dealt with the life and uprising of [[al-Mukhtar al-Thaqafi]] after the Event of 'Ashura. It was broadcasted from channel One of the IRIB in 2010.
The story of Wahb was shown in the 17th episode of the [[Mukhtar-nameh]] TV series. In this episode, Hamid Mirbaqiri played the role of Wahb. Mukhtar-nameh was a TV series directed by Dawud Mirbaqiri and dealt with the life and uprising of [[al-Mukhtar al-Thaqafi]] after the Event of 'Ashura. It was broadcasted from Channel One of the IRIB in 2010.


==References==
==References==

Revision as of 18:32, 22 December 2019

Wahb b. Wahb
Companion ofImam al-Hussain
Death/Martyrdom61/680
Cause of
Death/Martyrdom
Martyred in the Battle of Karbala
Burial PlaceHoly Shrine of Imam al-Hussain, Karbala

Wahb b. Wahb (Arabic: وهب بن وهب) or Wahb b. 'Abd Allah b. Hubab al-Kalbi (Arabic: وهب بن عبدالله بن حباب الکلبی) was among the companions of Imam al-Hussain who was martyred at the Battle of Karbala. Wahb was a young Christian who converted to Islam by the guidance of Imam al-Hussain. He accompanied the Imam in his journey to Karbala and was martyred on the day of Ashura.

He was among those who were listed among martyrs of Karbala by the majority of sources, but there are some disagreements over his lineage. Some writers also doubted that a person called Wahb existed. Some sources only mentioned one person with this name in Karbala. However, more recent studies confirm the existence of the mentioned Wahb as well as another person with a similar name (Wahb b. 'Abd Allah b. 'Umayr).

Name and Lineage

Although most sources have mentioned Wahb among martyrs of Karbala, they reported different names or lineages for him, such as:

  • Wahb b. Wahb[1]
  • Wahb b. 'Abd Allah b. Hubab al-Kalbi[2]
  • Wahb b. Janah (Hubab) al-Kalbi[3]
  • Wahb b. 'Abd Allah b. 'Umayr al-Kalbi[4]
  • Wahb b. 'Abd Allah al-Kalbi[5]
  • Wahb b. 'Abd Allah b. Janab al-Kalbi al-Khwarizmi[6]

Some writers identified two different martyrs of Karbala who had the name of Wahb: Wahb b. Wahb and Wahb b. 'Abd Allah al-Kalbi.[7] Other sources consider both names to refer to a single individual.[8]

Theory of Innovation and Mistake

A group of scholars argue that there was no person named Wahb b. Wahb who participated in the battle of 'Karbala,[9] and that his inclusion among the names is an error and innovation. They argue that Wahb b. Wahb is being confused with 'Abd Allah b. 'Umayr al-Kalbi, one of the martyrs of Karbala that was among the companions of Imam Ali and Imam al-Hussain and was mentioned in Ziyarah al-Shuhada' and Al-Ziyarah al-Rajabiyya li-l-Imam al-Hussain|al-Ziyarah al-Rajabiyya.[10]

On the other hand, other scholars argue that while similarities may exist between Wahb and 'Abd Allah b. 'Umayr, the existence of two separate individuals is still plausible due to several key differences in their narratives. For example, the sources described Wahb as Christian who converted to Islam under the guidance of Imam al-Hussain, while,they describe 'Abd Allah b. 'Umayr as one of the oldest companions of Imam al-Hussain (who was never a Christian).[11]

Umm Wahb

Umm Wahb was the daughter of 'Abd from the family of Namir b. Qasit and the wife of 'Abd Allah b. 'Umayr Kalbi. She was among the martyrs of Karbala. Some sources considered her the mother of Wahb b. Wahb.[12] However, a comparison of reports on the martyrs of Karbala shows that the mother of Wahb was a different person that had no relation with Umm Wahb, daughter of 'Abd Allah.[13]

Martyrdom

It is reported that Wahb went to the battlefield after Burayr b. Khudayr,[14] or Ziyad b. Muhajir al-Kindi[15] and before 'Amr b. Khalid al-Azdi, or Muslim b. 'Awsaja al-Asadi,[16] or Hilal b. al-Hajjaj.[17] There are different reports about his fight. It is said that he returned to his mother and wife in the middle of the fight and asked his mother if she was satisfied with him. His mother responded that she would be satisfied with him when he is killed in the way of Imam al-Hussain.[18] There are also reports about his conversation with his wife .[19]

There are also disagreements about the way Wahb was martyred. [20] It seems that some reports are mixed with the events related to the Martyrdom of 'Abd Allah b. 'Umayr al-Kalbi. Additionally, other reports mentioned that his wife went to the battlefield, grasped his clothes and said , "I will not return until I am killed with you", and Imam al-Hussain returned her to the tent with the promise of receiving good rewards in the hereafter.[21] It is said that Wahb killed twelve foot soldiers and nineteen horsemen of the army of Ibn Sa'd.[22] Then, he was taken captive and beheaded by the order of 'Umar b. Sa'd, who threw his head toward the army of Imam al-Hussain.[23]

In Media

The story of Wahb was shown in the 17th episode of the Mukhtar-nameh TV series. In this episode, Hamid Mirbaqiri played the role of Wahb. Mukhtar-nameh was a TV series directed by Dawud Mirbaqiri and dealt with the life and uprising of al-Mukhtar al-Thaqafi after the Event of 'Ashura. It was broadcasted from Channel One of the IRIB in 2010.

References

  1. Ṣadūq, al-Amālī, p. 161.
  2. Majlisī, Biḥār al-anwār, vol. 45, p. 16.
  3. Ibn Ṭāwūs, al-Luhūf, p. 105.
  4. Ibn Aʿtham, al-Futūḥ, vol. 5, p. 104.
  5. Ibn Shahrāshūb, Manāqib Āl Abī Ṭālib, vol. 4, p. 101.
  6. Khwārizmī, Maqtal al-Ḥusayn, vol. 2, p. 15.
  7. Majlisī, Biḥār al-anwār, vol. 45, p. 16; vol. 44, p. 320.
  8. Mūsawī Zanjānī, Wasīlat al-dārayn, p. 203.
  9. Maqtal-i jāmiʿ-i Sayyid al-shuhadāʾ, vol. 1, p. 76.
  10. Shūshtarī, Qāmūs al-rijāl, vol. 10, p. 448.
  11. Muḥammadī Riyshahrī, Dānishnāma-yi Imām Ḥusayn, vol. 6, p. 381.
  12. Shams al-Dīn, Yārān-i Ḥusayn (a), p. 112.
  13. Nāẓimzāda-yi Qummī, Aṣḥāb-i Imām Ḥusayn, p. 597.
  14. Ibn Ṭāwūs, al-Luhūf, p. 105; Ibn Aʿtham, al-Futūḥ, vol. 5, p. 104; Ibn Shahrāshūb, Manāqib Āl Abī Ṭālib, vol. 4, p. 101.
  15. Ṣadūq, al-Amālī, p. 161.
  16. Ibn Ṭāwūs, al-Luhūf, p. 105.
  17. Ṣadūq, al-Amālī, p. 161.
  18. Khwārizmī, Maqtal al-Ḥusayn, vol. 2, p. 16; Qummī, Nafas al-mahmūm, p. 258-259.
  19. Khwārizmī, Maqtal al-Ḥusayn, vol. 2, p. 16.
  20. See: Ṣadūq, al-Amālī, p. 161; Khwārizmī, Maqtal al-Ḥusayn, vol. 2, p. 16.
  21. Ibn Ṭāwūs, al-Luhūf, p. 106.
  22. Qummī, Nafas al-mahmūm, p. 259.
  23. Ṣadūq, al-Amālī, p. 161; Khwārizmī, Maqtal al-Ḥusayn, vol. 2, p. 15.

Bibliography

  • Ibn Aʿtham al-Kūfī, Muḥammad b. ʿAlī. Al-Futūḥ. Beirut: Dār al-Aḍwāʾ, 1411 AH.
  • Ibn Shahrāshūb, Muḥammad b. ʿAlī. Manāqib Āl Abī Ṭālib. Edited by Hāshim Rasūlī & Muḥammad Ḥusayn Āshtīyānī. Qom: Nashr-i ʿAllāma, [n.d].
  • Ibn Ṭāwūs, ʿAlī b. Mūsā. Al-Luhūf ʿalā qatlay al-ṭufūf. Translated to Farsi by Aḥmad Fahrī Zanjānī. Tehran: Intishārāt-i Jahān, 1353 Sh.
  • Khwārizmī, Muwaffaq b. Aḥmad al-. Maqtal al-Ḥusayn. Edited by Muḥammad al-Samāwī. Qom: Anwār al-Hudā, 1423 AH.
  • Majlisī, Muḥammad Bāqir al-. Biḥār al-anwār. Edited by Muḥammad Bāqir Maḥmūdī et.al. Beirut: Dār Iḥyāʾ al-Turāth al-ʿArabī, 1403 AH.
  • Pīshwāyī, Mahdī. Maqtal-i jāmiʿ-i Sayyid al-shuhadāʾ. Qom: Muʾassisa-yi Imām Khomeini, 1389 Sh.
  • Muḥammadī Riyshahrī, Muḥammad. Dānishnāma-yi Imām Ḥusayn. Translated to Farsi by ʿAbd al-Hādī Masʿūdī. Qom: Dār al-Ḥadīth, 1388 Sh.
  • Nāẓimzāda-yi Qummī, Sayyid Aṣghar. Aṣḥāb-i Imām Ḥusayn az Medina ta Karbala. Qom: Būstān-i Kitāb, 1390 Sh.
  • Qummī, Shaykh ʿAbbās. Nafas al-mahmūm. Qom: Maktabat al-Ḥaydar, 1379 Sh.
  • Ṣadūq, Muḥammad b. ʿAlī al-. Al-Amālī. Translated to Farsi by Muḥammad Bāqir Kamariī. Tehran: Kitābchī, 1376 Sh.
  • Shams al-Dīn, Muḥammad Mahdī. Yārān-i Ḥusayn (a). Translated to Farsi by Muḥammad Bāqir Maʿmūrī. [n.p]: Intishārāt-i Kalamat al-Ḥaqq, 1385 Sh.
  • Shūshtarī, Muḥammad Taqī al-. Qāmūs al-rijāl. Qom: Daftar-i Intishārāt-i Islāmī, 1422 AH.

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