Arba’een: Difference between revisions

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==Historical Background==
==Historical Background==
According to hagiographical tradition, on the night of Ashura the inhabitants of Medina heard a voice announcing the death of Hussain. One of those who heard this was Jaber b. ʿAbdallah Ansari, well-known companion of the Prophet and a friend of the imams. He immediately set out for Karbala and arrived at the tomb of the martyred imam forty days later. Meanwhile, on their way to Medina, the captives begged their escort to pass by Karbala, and thus they reached the sacred spot at the same time as Jaber. The entire company performed the first [[ziara]], and held the first lamentation, [[ʿazadari]], at the sacred tomb.<ref>ʿAlī b. Mūsā b. Moḥammed b. Ṭāʾūs, al-Lohūf ʿalā qatlat al-ṭofūf, Naǰaf 1385/1965, p. 82.</ref>
According to hagiographical tradition, on the night of Ashura the inhabitants of Medina heard a voice announcing the death of Hussain. One of those who heard this was Jaber b. ʿAbdallah Ansari, well-known companion of the Prophet and a friend of the imams. He immediately set out for Karbala and arrived at the tomb of the martyred imam forty days later. Meanwhile, on their way to Medina, the captives begged their escort to pass by Karbala, and thus they reached the sacred spot at the same time as Jaber. The entire company performed the first [[ziara]], and held the first lamentation, [[ʿazadari]], at the sacred tomb.<ref>ʿAlī b. Mūsā b. Moḥammed b. Ṭāʾūs, al-Lohūf ʿalā qatlat al-ṭofūf, Naǰaf 1385/1965, p. 82.</ref>
This tale, which is commonly taken as the basis of the ziarat-e arbaʿeen, would seem to be a pious invention, for both the observance of the day and the ziara attached to it appear to be late. No mention is made of Arbaʿeen in the earliest and most authoritative ziara collection, the Kamel al-ziarat of Ebn Qawluya.<ref>[http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/arbain-fortieth-day-after-asura-q d. 367/977; partly tr. in ʿA. Qomī, Kollīyāt mafātīḥ al-ǰenān, Tehran, 1379/1959, pp. 322-571.]</ref>
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==Ziarat-e Arba’een==
==Ziarat-e Arba’een==