Template:Infobox rubidium

Rubidium, ₃₇Rb
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General properties
Pronunciation	Template:Infobox element/pronunciation
Appearance	grey white
Standard atomic weight (Ar, standard)	Template:Infobox element/standard atomic weight
Mass number	Template:Infobox element/symbol-to-most-stable-isotope (most stable isotope)
Rubidium in the periodic table
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Atomic number (Z)	37
Group	Template:Infobox element/group
Period	period 5
Block	s-block
Element category	Template:Infobox element/category format
Electron configuration	[Kr] 5s1
Electrons per shell	2, 8, 18, 8, 1
Physical properties
Phase at STP	solid
Melting point	312.45 K (39.30 °C, 102.74 °F)
Boiling point	961 K (688 °C, 1270 °F)
Density (near r.t.)	1.532 g/cm3
when liquid (at m.p.)	1.46 g/cm3
Triple point	312.41 K, ? kPa
Critical point	2093 K, 16 MPa (extrapolated)
Heat of fusion	2.19 kJ/mol
[[Enthalpy of vaporization\|Heat of Template:Engvar]]	69 kJ/mol
Molar heat capacity	31.060 J/(mol·K)
	[[Vapor pressure\|Template:Engvar pressure]] Template:Infobox element/vapor pressure table
Atomic properties
Oxidation states	Template:Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state
Electronegativity	Pauling scale: 0.82
[[Ionization energy\|Template:Engvar energies]]	1st: 403 kJ/mol ; 2nd: 2632.1 kJ/mol ; 3rd: 3859.4 kJ/mol ; ;
Atomic radius	empirical: 248 pm
Covalent radius	220±9 pm
Van der Waals radius	303 pm
	Template:Infobox element/spectral lines
Other properties
Crystal structure	Template:Infobox element/crystal structure Template:Infobox element/crystal structure
Speed of sound thin rod	1300 m/s (at 20 °C)
Thermal expansion	90 µm/(m·K) (at r.t.)
Thermal conductivity	58.2 W/(m·K)
Electrical resistivity	128 nΩ·m (at 20 °C)
Magnetic ordering	paramagnetic
Magnetic susceptibility	+17.0·10−6 cm3/mol (303 K)
Young's modulus	2.4 GPa
Bulk modulus	2.5 GPa
Mohs hardness	0.3
Brinell hardness	0.216 MPa
CAS Number	7440-17-7
History
Discovery	Robert Bunsen and Gustav Kirchhoff (1861)
First isolation	George de Hevesy
Main isotopes of rubidium
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	view; talk; edit; \| references

Template:Infobox element/element navigation Template:Template reference list Expression error: Unrecognized word "template".

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 Template:RubberBible92nd
↑ Cverna, Fran (2002). "Ch. 2 Thermal Expansion". ASM Ready Reference: Thermal properties of metals (PDF). ASM International. ISBN 978-0-87170-768-0.
↑ Lide, D. R., ed. (2005). "Magnetic susceptibility of the elements and inorganic compounds". CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (PDF) (86th ed.). Boca Raton (FL): CRC Press. ISBN 0-8493-0486-5.
↑ Weast, Robert (1984). CRC, Handbook of Chemistry and Physics. Boca Raton, Florida: Chemical Rubber Company Publishing. pp. E110. ISBN 0-8493-0464-4.

[b92-1] 1.0 ^1.1 Template:RubberBible92nd

[2] Cverna, Fran (2002). "Ch. 2 Thermal Expansion". ASM Ready Reference: Thermal properties of metals (PDF). ASM International. ISBN 978-0-87170-768-0.

[magnet-3] Lide, D. R., ed. (2005). "Magnetic susceptibility of the elements and inorganic compounds". CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (PDF) (86th ed.). Boca Raton (FL): CRC Press. ISBN 0-8493-0486-5.

[4] Weast, Robert (1984). CRC, Handbook of Chemistry and Physics. Boca Raton, Florida: Chemical Rubber Company Publishing. pp. E110. ISBN 0-8493-0464-4.

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