Template:Infobox molybdenum

Molybdenum,  ₄₂Mo

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General properties
Pronunciation	Template:Infobox element/pronunciation
Appearance	gray metallic
Standard atomic weight (Ar, standard)	Template:Infobox element/standard atomic weight
Mass number	Template:Infobox element/symbol-to-most-stable-isotope (most stable isotope)
Molybdenum in the periodic table
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Atomic number (Z)	42
Group	Template:Infobox element/group
Period	period 5
Block	d-block
Element category	Template:Infobox element/category format
Electron configuration	[Kr] 4d5 5s1
Electrons per shell	2, 8, 18, 13, 1
Physical properties
Phase at STP	solid
Melting point	2896 K ​(2623 °C, ​4753 °F)
Boiling point	4912 K ​(4639 °C, ​8382 °F)
Density (near r.t.)	10.28 g/cm3
when liquid (at m.p.)	9.33 g/cm3
Heat of fusion	37.48 kJ/mol
[[Enthalpy of vaporization|Heat of Template:Engvar]]	598 kJ/mol
Molar heat capacity	24.06 J/(mol·K)
[[Vapor pressure|Template:Engvar pressure]] Template:Infobox element/vapor pressure table
Atomic properties
Oxidation states	Template:Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state
Electronegativity	Pauling scale: 2.16
[[Ionization energy|Template:Engvar energies]]	1st: 684.3 kJ/mol 2nd: 1560 kJ/mol 3rd: 2618 kJ/mol
Atomic radius	empirical: 139 pm
Covalent radius	154±5 pm
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Other properties
Crystal structure	​Template:Infobox element/crystal structure Template:Infobox element/crystal structure
Speed of sound thin rod	5400 m/s (at r.t.)
Thermal expansion	4.8 µm/(m·K) (at 25 °C)
Thermal conductivity	138 W/(m·K)
Thermal diffusivity	54.3 mm2/s (at 300 K)
Electrical resistivity	53.4 nΩ·m (at 20 °C)
Magnetic ordering	paramagnetic
Magnetic susceptibility	+89.0·10−6 cm3/mol (298 K)
Young's modulus	329 GPa
Shear modulus	126 GPa
Bulk modulus	230 GPa
Poisson ratio	0.31
Mohs hardness	5.5
Vickers hardness	1400–2740 MPa
Brinell hardness	1370–2500 MPa
CAS Number	7439-98-7
History
Discovery	Carl Wilhelm Scheele (1778)
First isolation	Peter Jacob Hjelm (1781)
Main isotopes of molybdenum
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