Template:Infobox aluminium

Aluminium,  13Al
Template:Infobox element/symbol-to-top-image-alt
General properties
PronunciationTemplate:Infobox element/pronunciation
Alternative namealuminum (U.S., Canada)
Appearancesilvery gray metallic
Standard atomic weight (Ar, standard)Template:Infobox element/standard atomic weight
Mass numberTemplate:Infobox element/symbol-to-most-stable-isotope (most stable isotope)
Aluminium in the periodic table
Template:Infobox element/periodic table
Atomic number (Z)13
GroupTemplate:Infobox element/group
Periodperiod 3
Blockp-block
Element categoryTemplate:Infobox element/category format, sometimes considered a metalloid
Electron configuration[Ne] 3s2 3p1
Electrons per shell
2, 8, 3
Physical properties
Phase at STPsolid
Melting point933.47 K ​(660.32 °C, ​1220.58 °F)
Boiling point2743 K ​(2470 °C, ​4478 °F)
Density (near r.t.)2.70 g/cm3
when liquid (at m.p.)2.375 g/cm3
Heat of fusion10.71 kJ/mol
[[Enthalpy of vaporization|Heat of Template:Engvar]]284 kJ/mol
Molar heat capacity24.20 J/(mol·K)
[[Vapor pressure|Template:Engvar pressure]]
Atomic properties
Oxidation statesTemplate:Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state
ElectronegativityPauling scale: 1.61
[[Ionization energy|Template:Engvar energies]]
  • 1st: 577.5 kJ/mol
  • 2nd: 1816.7 kJ/mol
  • 3rd: 2744.8 kJ/mol
  • (more)
Atomic radiusempirical: 143 pm
Covalent radius121±4 pm
Van der Waals radius184 pm
Template:Infobox element/spectral lines
Other properties
Crystal structure ​Template:Infobox element/crystal structure
Speed of sound thin rod(rolled) 5000 m/s (at r.t.)
Thermal expansion23.1 µm/(m·K) (at 25 °C)
Thermal conductivity237 W/(m·K)
Electrical resistivity26.5 nΩ·m (at 20 °C)
Magnetic orderingparamagnetic[1]
Magnetic susceptibility+16.5·10−6 cm3/mol
Young's modulus70 GPa
Shear modulus26 GPa
Bulk modulus76 GPa
Poisson ratio0.35
Mohs hardness2.75
Vickers hardness160–350 MPa
Brinell hardness160–550 MPa
CAS Number7429-90-5
History
Namingafter alumina (aluminium oxide), itself named after mineral alum
PredictionAntoine Lavoisier (1782)
Discovery and first isolationHans Christian Ørsted (1824)
Named byHumphry Davy (1812)
Main isotopes of aluminium
Template:Infobox element/isotopes table
| references

Template:Infobox element/element navigation Template:Template reference list One of these is a named reference. It may be cited in the containing article as

  • <ref name="CIAAW2016" /> for the source Atomic weights of the elements 2013 (from subtemplates used by {{Infobox element}})

Expression error: Unrecognized word "template".

  1. ↑ Lide, D. R. (2000). "Magnetic susceptibility of the elements and inorganic compounds" (PDF). CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (81st ed.). CRC Press. ISBN 0849304814.
  2. ↑ D. C. Tyte (1964). "Red (B2Π–A2σ) Band System of Aluminium Monoxide". Nature. 202 (4930): 383. Bibcode:1964Natur.202..383T. doi:10.1038/202383a0.
  3. ↑ Dohmeier, C.; Loos, D.; Schnöckel, H. (1996). "Aluminum(I) and Gallium(I) Compounds: Syntheses, Structures, and Reactions". Angewandte Chemie International Edition. 35: 129–149. doi:10.1002/anie.199601291.