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(ا توجه به کلی بودن مطلب اینگونه برداشت میشد که پیامبر همیشه پنج تن را زیر عبای خود جمع میکردند و با تخصیص جمله به یک مناسبت خاص، سعی شد از کلی گویی پرهیز شود) |
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'''Ahl al-bayt,''' or “people of the house,” is a phrase used with reference to the family of the prophet [[Muhammad]], particularly by the Shiʻa. In early Arabian tribal society, it was a designation for a noble clan. Thus, the term Ahl al-Bayt in its most generalized understanding refers to the descendants of the Prophet’s forbear Hashem, who had been a Bayt or a family possessing honor among the pre-Islamic Qoraysh; during the Islamic period the term continues to refer to all the descendants of | '''Ahl al-bayt,''' or “people of the house,” is a phrase used with reference to the family of the prophet [[Muhammad]], particularly by the Shiʻa. In early Arabian tribal society, it was a designation for a noble clan. Thus, the term Ahl al-Bayt in its most generalized understanding refers to the descendants of the Prophet’s forbear Hashem, who had been a Bayt or a family possessing honor among the pre-Islamic Qoraysh; during the Islamic period the term continues to refer to all the descendants of Hashim. However, the vast majority of the traditions quoted by [[Tabari]] explain Ahl al-Bayt as referring to the Prophet, [[ʿAli ibn Abi Talib|ʿAli]], [[Fatima]], [[Hasan]], and [[Hussain ibn Ali|Hussain]]; in some of these traditions the Prophet gathered the others under his cloak ([[Al-e ʿAba]]) in a specific occasion. | ||
==In the Qur’an== | ==In the Qur’an== | ||
Ahl al-bayt occurs only twice in the Qur'an, once in regard to Ibrahim's family (11:73), but more significantly in a verse that states, “God only wishes to keep evil away from you, O people of the house, and to purify you completely" (33:33). The context suggests that this statement pertains to women in Muhammad's household, a view held by Sunni commentators. Some authorities have applied it more widely to descendants of Muhammad's clan (Banu Hashim), the Abbasids, and even the whole community of Muslims. Since the eighth century C.E., however, the Shi’a and many Sunnis have maintained that Qur'an 33:33 refers specifically to five people: [[Muhammad]], [[ʿAli ibn Abi Talib|Ali b. Abi Talib]] (Muhammad's cousin), 'Ali's wife [[Fatima]] (Muhammad's daughter), and their two children, [[Hasan]] and [[Hussain ibn Ali|Hussain]]. Ulema invoke hadiths in support of this view, as seen in Tabari's Jami' al- | Ahl al-bayt occurs only twice in the Qur'an, once in regard to Ibrahim's family (11:73), but more significantly in a verse that states, “God only wishes to keep evil away from you, O people of the house, and to purify you completely" (33:33). The context suggests that this statement pertains to women in Muhammad's household, a view held by Sunni commentators. Some authorities have applied it more widely to descendants of Muhammad's clan (Banu Hashim), the Abbasids, and even the whole community of Muslims. Since the eighth century C.E., however, the Shi’a and many Sunnis have maintained that Qur'an 33:33 refers specifically to five people as Ahl al-Bayt: [[Muhammad]], [[ʿAli ibn Abi Talib|Ali b. Abi Talib]] (Muhammad's cousin), 'Ali's wife [[Fatima]] (Muhammad's daughter), and their two children, [[Hasan]] and [[Hussain ibn Ali|Hussain]]. Ulema invoke hadiths in support of this view, as seen in Tabari's Jami' al-Bayan (c. tenth century C.E.). Thus, in South Asia, they are called "the five pure ones" (panjatan pak). They are also known as “people of the mantle” ([[kisa']]) in remembrance of the occasion when the Prophet enveloped them with his mantle and recited this verse. | ||
===Implicit Reference to Ahl al-Bayt=== | ===Implicit Reference to Ahl al-Bayt=== | ||
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*Ayoub, Mahmoud. Redemptive Suffering in Islam: A Study of the Devotional Aspects of ‘Ashura in Twelver Shi’ism. The Hague: Mouton Publishers, 1978. Hoffman- Ladd, Valerie J. “Devotion to the Prophet and His Family in Egyptian Sufism. “International Journal of Middle East Studies 24 (1992): 615- 637. Schubel, Vernon James. Religious Performance in Contemporary Islam: Shi’i Devotional Rituals in South Asia. Columbia: University of South Carolina Press, 1993. | *Ayoub, Mahmoud. Redemptive Suffering in Islam: A Study of the Devotional Aspects of ‘Ashura in Twelver Shi’ism. The Hague: Mouton Publishers, 1978. Hoffman- Ladd, Valerie J. “Devotion to the Prophet and His Family in Egyptian Sufism. “International Journal of Middle East Studies 24 (1992): 615- 637. Schubel, Vernon James. Religious Performance in Contemporary Islam: Shi’i Devotional Rituals in South Asia. Columbia: University of South Carolina Press, 1993. | ||
==Source== | == Source== | ||
*[Juan Eduardo Campo (2004). Encyclopedia of Islam and Muslim World. Macmillan: US (p: 25-26) Encyclopedia of Islam and Muslim World] | *[Juan Eduardo Campo (2004). Encyclopedia of Islam and Muslim World. Macmillan: US (p: 25-26) Encyclopedia of Islam and Muslim World] | ||
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[[Category: Family of Prophet]] | [[Category: Family of Prophet]] | ||
[[fa:اهل بیت (ع)]] | [[fa:اهل بیت (ع)]] | ||
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