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Ali b. al-Hussain: Difference between revisions
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}}'''Ali b. al-Hussain''' b. Ali b. Abi Talib, Zayn al-Abidin (“Ornament of the Worshippers”), is the fourth [[Imam]] of the [[Twelver Shi’a]]. His kunya is variously given as Abu Abd Allah, Abu Bakr, Abu’l-Hussain, Abu’l-Hasan, etc. According to most sources, he was born in 38/658-59 in Medina. At [[Karbala]], Zayn al-Abidin is said to have been too ill to join in the fighting; after the battle [[ | }}'''Ali b. al-Hussain''' b. Ali b. Abi Talib, Zayn al-Abidin (“Ornament of the Worshippers”), is the fourth [[Imam]] of the [[Twelver Shi’a]]. His kunya is variously given as Abu Abd Allah, Abu Bakr, Abu’l-Hussain, Abu’l-Hasan, etc. According to most sources, he was born in 38/658-59 in Medina. At [[Karbala]], Zayn al-Abidin is said to have been too ill to join in the fighting; after the battle [[Shimr b. Dhi l-Jawshan|Shimr b. Dhi ‘l-Jawshan]] found him lying on a mat in the women’s tent and ordered him to be killed but was overruled by [[ʿOmar b. Saʿd|Omar b. Saʿd]], the commander of the Syrian army. When Ali was brought before [[Obayd-Allah Ibn Ziad|Obayd Allah b. Ziyad]] in Kufa, the governor ordered his execution, but relented after pleas by al-Hussain’s sister [[Zaynab]]. Ali and the other survivors were taken to [[Yazid]] in Damascus, and he sent them back to Medina. The mashhad Ali, forming part of the great mosque in Damascus, is said to have been built at the place of Zayn al-Abidin’s incarceration.<ref>cf.L. Pouzet, Damas au VIIe /XIIIe siècle ,Beirut 1988, 352</ref> | ||
==Birth== | ==Birth== | ||
According to many sources he was born (in Medina) in 38/658-9, though the years 33, 36 and 37 are also given. If accounts that he had not reached puberty at the time of the [[Karbala]] massacre (61/680) are to be trusted, this would put his birthdate forward to the 40s/660s; these accounts are, however, rejected by al-Waqidi and other authorities. | According to many sources he was born (in Medina) in 38/658-9, though the years 33, 36 and 37 are also given. If accounts that he had not reached puberty at the time of the [[Karbala]] massacre (61/680) are to be trusted, this would put his birthdate forward to the 40s/660s; these accounts are, however, rejected by al-Waqidi and other authorities. | ||