Template:Infobox rhodium

Rhodium,  ₄₅Rh

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General properties
Pronunciation	Template:Infobox element/pronunciation
Appearance	silvery white metallic
Standard atomic weight (Ar, standard)	Template:Infobox element/standard atomic weight
Mass number	Template:Infobox element/symbol-to-most-stable-isotope (most stable isotope)
Rhodium in the periodic table
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Atomic number (Z)	45
Group	Template:Infobox element/group
Period	period 5
Block	d-block
Element category	Template:Infobox element/category format
Electron configuration	[Kr] 4d8 5s1
Electrons per shell	2, 8, 18, 16, 1
Physical properties
Phase at STP	solid
Melting point	2237 K ​(1964 °C, ​3567 °F)
Boiling point	3968 K ​(3695 °C, ​6683 °F)
Density (near r.t.)	12.41 g/cm3
when liquid (at m.p.)	10.7 g/cm3
Heat of fusion	26.59 kJ/mol
[[Enthalpy of vaporization|Heat of Template:Engvar]]	493 kJ/mol
Molar heat capacity	24.98 J/(mol·K)
[[Vapor pressure|Template:Engvar pressure]] Template:Infobox element/vapor pressure table
Atomic properties
Oxidation states	Template:Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state
Electronegativity	Pauling scale: 2.28
[[Ionization energy|Template:Engvar energies]]	1st: 719.7 kJ/mol 2nd: 1740 kJ/mol 3rd: 2997 kJ/mol
Atomic radius	empirical: 134 pm
Covalent radius	142±7 pm
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Other properties
Crystal structure	​Template:Infobox element/crystal structure Template:Infobox element/crystal structure
Speed of sound thin rod	4700 m/s (at 20 °C)
Thermal expansion	8.2 µm/(m·K) (at 25 °C)
Thermal conductivity	150 W/(m·K)
Electrical resistivity	43.3 nΩ·m (at 0 °C)
Magnetic ordering	paramagnetic
Magnetic susceptibility	+111.0·10−6 cm3/mol (298 K)
Young's modulus	380 GPa
Shear modulus	150 GPa
Bulk modulus	275 GPa
Poisson ratio	0.26
Mohs hardness	6.0
Vickers hardness	1100–8000 MPa
Brinell hardness	980–1350 MPa
CAS Number	7440-16-6
History
Discovery and first isolation	William Hyde Wollaston (1804)
Main isotopes of rhodium
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