Template:Infobox palladium

Palladium,  ₄₆Pd

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General properties
Pronunciation	Template:Infobox element/pronunciation
Appearance	silvery white
Standard atomic weight (Ar, standard)	Template:Infobox element/standard atomic weight
Mass number	Template:Infobox element/symbol-to-most-stable-isotope (most stable isotope)
Palladium in the periodic table
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Atomic number (Z)	46
Group	Template:Infobox element/group
Period	period 5
Block	d-block
Element category	Template:Infobox element/category format
Electron configuration	[Kr] 4d10
Electrons per shell	2, 8, 18, 18
Physical properties
Phase at STP	solid
Melting point	1828.05 K ​(1554.9 °C, ​2830.82 °F)
Boiling point	3236 K ​(2963 °C, ​5365 °F)
Density (near r.t.)	12.023 g/cm3
when liquid (at m.p.)	10.38 g/cm3
Heat of fusion	16.74 kJ/mol
[[Enthalpy of vaporization|Heat of Template:Engvar]]	358 kJ/mol
Molar heat capacity	25.98 J/(mol·K)
[[Vapor pressure|Template:Engvar pressure]] Template:Infobox element/vapor pressure table
Atomic properties
Oxidation states	Template:Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state
Electronegativity	Pauling scale: 2.20
[[Ionization energy|Template:Engvar energies]]	1st: 804.4 kJ/mol 2nd: 1870 kJ/mol 3rd: 3177 kJ/mol
Atomic radius	empirical: 137 pm
Covalent radius	139±6 pm
Van der Waals radius	163 pm
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Other properties
Crystal structure	​Template:Infobox element/crystal structure Template:Infobox element/crystal structure
Speed of sound thin rod	3070 m/s (at 20 °C)
Thermal expansion	11.8 µm/(m·K) (at 25 °C)
Thermal conductivity	71.8 W/(m·K)
Electrical resistivity	105.4 nΩ·m (at 20 °C)
Magnetic ordering	paramagnetic
Magnetic susceptibility	+567.4·10−6 cm3/mol (288 K)
Young's modulus	121 GPa
Shear modulus	44 GPa
Bulk modulus	180 GPa
Poisson ratio	0.39
Mohs hardness	4.75
Vickers hardness	400–600 MPa
Brinell hardness	320–610 MPa
CAS Number	7440-05-3
History
Naming	after asteroid Pallas, itself named after Pallas Athena
Discovery and first isolation	William Hyde Wollaston (1802)
Main isotopes of palladium
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