Europium, 63 General properties Pronunciation Template:Infobox element/pronunciation Appearance silvery white, with a pale yellow tint;[1] Standard atomic weight (A r, standard ) Template:Infobox element/standard atomic weight Mass number Template:Infobox element/symbol-to-most-stable-isotope (most stable isotope)Europium in the periodic table Template:Infobox element/periodic table Atomic number (Z ) 63 Group Template:Infobox element/group Period period 6 Block f-block Element category Template:Infobox element/category format Electron configuration [Xe ] 4f7 6s2 Electrons per shell
2, 8, 18, 25, 8, 2 Physical properties Phase at STP solid Melting point 1099 K (826 °C, 1519 °F) Boiling point 1802 K (1529 °C, 2784 °F) Density (near r.t. ) 5.264 g/cm3 when liquid (at m.p. ) 5.13 g/cm3 Heat of fusion 9.21 kJ/mol [[Enthalpy of vaporization|Heat of Template:Engvar ]] 176 kJ/mol Molar heat capacity 27.66 J/(mol·K) [[Vapor pressure|Template:Engvar pressure Atomic properties Oxidation states Template:Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state Electronegativity Pauling scale: 1.2 [[Ionization energy|Template:Engvar energies]] 1st: 547.1 kJ/mol 2nd: 1085 kJ/mol 3rd: 2404 kJ/mol Atomic radius empirical: 180 pm Covalent radius 198±6 pm Template:Infobox element/spectral lines Other properties Crystal structure Template:Infobox element/crystal structure Thermal expansion poly: 35.0 µm/(m·K) (at r.t. ) Thermal conductivity est. 13.9 W/(m·K) Electrical resistivity poly: 0.900 µΩ·m (at r.t. ) Magnetic ordering paramagnetic [2] Magnetic susceptibility +34,000.0·10−6 cm3 /mol[3] Young's modulus 18.2 GPa Shear modulus 7.9 GPa Bulk modulus 8.3 GPa Poisson ratio 0.152 Vickers hardness 165–200 MPa CAS Number 7440-53-1 History Naming after Europe Discovery and first isolationEugène-Anatole Demarçay (1896, 1901)Main isotopes of europium Template:Infobox element/isotopes table | references
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