Abu Mohammad Hasan ibn ali: Difference between revisions

From Wikihussain
Jump to navigation Jump to search
m (Esmaeili moved page Imam al-askari to Abu Mohammad Hasan ibn ali)
No edit summary
Line 17: Line 17:
}}
}}


== Birth ==
==Birth==
He was born in Medina . His date of birth is not known for certain. Some body said Rabiʿ I/October-November, 846 or Ramadan/April-May, 847<ref>Nawbakti, (Feraq, p. 79) and Qomi (Maqalat, pp. 101f.)</ref>  and others stated that he was born in 231/845-46<ref>Tarik Bagdad (VII, p. 366)</ref>. His mother was omm walad and called Hodayt or Susan.  
He was born in Medina . His date of birth is not known for certain. Some body said Rabiʿ I/October-November, 846 or Ramadan/April-May, 847<ref>Nawbakti, (Feraq, p. 79) and Qomi (Maqalat, pp. 101f.)</ref>  and others stated that he was born in 231/845-46<ref>Tarik Bagdad (VII, p. 366)</ref>. His mother was omm walad and called Hodayt or Susan.  


== imamat ==
==imamat==
he and his father, [[Imam ali al-naqi|Ali al-Hadi]], were taken by the caliph al-Motawakkel to Askar Samarra. According to Imamite tradition, his father designated Hasan al-Askari as his successor a few months before his death in 254/868<ref>Shaikh Mofid, Ersad, p. 335</ref>;  his elder brother, Abu Jaʿfar Moḥammad, was already dead by this time<ref>Nawbakti, p. 78</ref>.  It seems, however, that his right to the succession was challenged by his brother Jaʿfar.  
he and his father, [[Imam ali al-naqi|Ali al-Hadi]], were taken by the caliph al-Motawakkel to Askar Samarra. According to Imamite tradition, his father designated Hasan al-Askari as his successor a few months before his death in 254/868<ref>Shaikh Mofid, Ersad, p. 335</ref>;  his elder brother, Abu Jaʿfar Moḥammad, was already dead by this time<ref>Nawbakti, p. 78</ref>.  It seems, however, that his right to the succession was challenged by his brother Jaʿfar.  


== Death ==
==Martyrdom ==
Hasan al-Askari’s short imamate was uneventful, though he is said to have been imprisoned for a while by the caliph al-Moʿtamed.<ref>r. 256-79/870-92</ref> He died on 8 Rabiʿ I 260/January 1, 874 in Samarra<ref>Ebn Kallekan gives 8 Jomada I/March 1</ref>  and was buried next to his father in the latter’s house. His estate passed to his mother and his brother Jaʿfar.  
Hasan al-Askari’s short imamate was uneventful, though he is said to have been imprisoned for a while by the caliph al-Moʿtamed.<ref>r. 256-79/870-92</ref> He died on 8 Rabiʿ I 260/January 1, 874 in Samarra<ref>Ebn Kallekan gives 8 Jomada I/March 1</ref>  and was buried next to his father in the latter’s house. His estate passed to his mother and his brother Jaʿfar.  


== Succession ==
==Succession==
During his imamate small groups of extremists (golat), who ascribed prophetic or even divine qualities to the imams, continued the activities which they had in part begun under his predecessor. They included the Namiriya,<ref>Nawbakti, p. 78</ref> the adherents of Mohammad b. Nosayr Namiri  in [[Kufa]], the Eshaqiya of Eshaq b. Mohammad Nakaʿi Basri in Basra, Baghdad, and Madaʾen,<ref>Kassi, Rejal, ed. Moṣṭafwi, Mashad, 1348 S./1969, pp. 530f.; Tariḵ Bagdad VI, pp. 378ff; cf. the traditions in Kafi I, pp. 508ff</ref> and the Hasakiya, the supporters and disciples of Ali b. Hasaka, in Qom.<ref>Kassi, pp. 516f., 520, 521</ref>  Since Askari had died without leaving any obvious heirs, certain groups of his followers believed that he had been carried off by God (gayba) and awaited his return or resurrection; others surmised that he had left a son called Mohammad (known as Mohammad al-Qaʾem), who had been born a few years before Askari’s death<ref>according to the Imamite tradition in Saʿban, 255/July-August, 869; Kafi I, p. 514</ref>  or even posthumously.<ref>Nawbakti, pp. 84f, 90ff.</ref> One sect maintains that he had left a concubine with child and that she would one day give birth to the Mahdi; other groups endorsed the imamate of one of Askari’s brothers, Mohammad or Jaʿfar.<ref>cf. Nawbakti, pp. 79ff.; Qomi, p. 102ff.</ref>  Of all these groups only the Emamiya survived, who believe that Askari’s son Moḥammad was taken up by God (gayba), and they await his return.
During his imamate small groups of extremists (golat), who ascribed prophetic or even divine qualities to the imams, continued the activities which they had in part begun under his predecessor. They included the Namiriya,<ref>Nawbakti, p. 78</ref> the adherents of Mohammad b. Nosayr Namiri  in [[Kufa]], the Eshaqiya of Eshaq b. Mohammad Nakaʿi Basri in Basra, Baghdad, and Madaʾen,<ref>Kassi, Rejal, ed. Moṣṭafwi, Mashad, 1348 S./1969, pp. 530f.; Tariḵ Bagdad VI, pp. 378ff; cf. the traditions in Kafi I, pp. 508ff</ref> and the Hasakiya, the supporters and disciples of Ali b. Hasaka, in Qom.<ref>Kassi, pp. 516f., 520, 521</ref>  Since Askari had died without leaving any obvious heirs, certain groups of his followers believed that he had been carried off by God (gayba) and awaited his return or resurrection; others surmised that he had left a son called Mohammad (known as Mohammad al-Qaʾem), who had been born a few years before Askari’s death<ref>according to the Imamite tradition in Saʿban, 255/July-August, 869; Kafi I, p. 514</ref>  or even posthumously.<ref>Nawbakti, pp. 84f, 90ff.</ref> One sect maintains that he had left a concubine with child and that she would one day give birth to the Mahdi; other groups endorsed the imamate of one of Askari’s brothers, Mohammad or Jaʿfar.<ref>cf. Nawbakti, pp. 79ff.; Qomi, p. 102ff.</ref>  Of all these groups only the Emamiya survived, who believe that Askari’s son Moḥammad was taken up by God (gayba), and they await his return.


== Source ==
==Source==


* [https://iranicaonline.org/articles/askari-abu-mohammad-hasan-b Encyclopaedia Iranica]
*[https://iranicaonline.org/articles/askari-abu-mohammad-hasan-b Encyclopaedia Iranica]


== References ==
==References==


[[Category:Individuals]]
[[Category:Individuals]]
Line 41: Line 41:
[[Category:Twelver Shi’ism]]
[[Category:Twelver Shi’ism]]
[[Category:Ahl al-Bayt]]
[[Category:Ahl al-Bayt]]
<references />

Revision as of 08:45, 13 June 2021

Imam al-Askari, Abu Mohammad Hasan ibn ali, the eleventh imam of imami Shiʿites. He was the son of imam Ali al-naqi he had been imprisoned most of his life by the caliph al-Moʿtamed there for he called Askari (a military camp or town). He known also as al-Samet, al-Hadi, al-Zaki, etc. Imam al-askari is father of imam al- Mahdi, Imam of the present age in Shi'as’s belief.

Al-Hasan b. Ali
Askari.jpg
Native name
أبو محمد الحسن بن علی
BornRabiʿ I/October-November, 846
Medina
DiedRabi' I 8, 260/January 1, 874
Samarra
Resting placeSamera
Known forThe 11th Imam of Shi'a
Spouse(s)Narjis
ChildrenImam al-mahdi
Parents

Birth

He was born in Medina . His date of birth is not known for certain. Some body said Rabiʿ I/October-November, 846 or Ramadan/April-May, 847[1] and others stated that he was born in 231/845-46[2]. His mother was omm walad and called Hodayt or Susan.

imamat

he and his father, Ali al-Hadi, were taken by the caliph al-Motawakkel to Askar Samarra. According to Imamite tradition, his father designated Hasan al-Askari as his successor a few months before his death in 254/868[3]; his elder brother, Abu Jaʿfar Moḥammad, was already dead by this time[4]. It seems, however, that his right to the succession was challenged by his brother Jaʿfar.

Martyrdom

Hasan al-Askari’s short imamate was uneventful, though he is said to have been imprisoned for a while by the caliph al-Moʿtamed.[5] He died on 8 Rabiʿ I 260/January 1, 874 in Samarra[6] and was buried next to his father in the latter’s house. His estate passed to his mother and his brother Jaʿfar.

Succession

During his imamate small groups of extremists (golat), who ascribed prophetic or even divine qualities to the imams, continued the activities which they had in part begun under his predecessor. They included the Namiriya,[7] the adherents of Mohammad b. Nosayr Namiri in Kufa, the Eshaqiya of Eshaq b. Mohammad Nakaʿi Basri in Basra, Baghdad, and Madaʾen,[8] and the Hasakiya, the supporters and disciples of Ali b. Hasaka, in Qom.[9] Since Askari had died without leaving any obvious heirs, certain groups of his followers believed that he had been carried off by God (gayba) and awaited his return or resurrection; others surmised that he had left a son called Mohammad (known as Mohammad al-Qaʾem), who had been born a few years before Askari’s death[10] or even posthumously.[11] One sect maintains that he had left a concubine with child and that she would one day give birth to the Mahdi; other groups endorsed the imamate of one of Askari’s brothers, Mohammad or Jaʿfar.[12] Of all these groups only the Emamiya survived, who believe that Askari’s son Moḥammad was taken up by God (gayba), and they await his return.

Source

References

  1. ↑ Nawbakti, (Feraq, p. 79) and Qomi (Maqalat, pp. 101f.)
  2. ↑ Tarik Bagdad (VII, p. 366)
  3. ↑ Shaikh Mofid, Ersad, p. 335
  4. ↑ Nawbakti, p. 78
  5. ↑ r. 256-79/870-92
  6. ↑ Ebn Kallekan gives 8 Jomada I/March 1
  7. ↑ Nawbakti, p. 78
  8. ↑ Kassi, Rejal, ed. Moṣṭafwi, Mashad, 1348 S./1969, pp. 530f.; Tariḵ Bagdad VI, pp. 378ff; cf. the traditions in Kafi I, pp. 508ff
  9. ↑ Kassi, pp. 516f., 520, 521
  10. ↑ according to the Imamite tradition in Saʿban, 255/July-August, 869; Kafi I, p. 514
  11. ↑ Nawbakti, pp. 84f, 90ff.
  12. ↑ cf. Nawbakti, pp. 79ff.; Qomi, p. 102ff.
Retrieved from "https://en.wikihussain.com/index.php?title=Abu_Mohammad_Hasan_ibn_ali&oldid=13169"