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| Activities = Commander of the right wing of [[Hussain ibn Ali|Imam al-Hussain]]'s army in the Event of [[Ashura]] | | Activities = Commander of the right wing of [[Hussain ibn Ali|Imam al-Hussain]]'s army in the Event of [[Ashura]] | ||
|Native name=زهیر بن القین}} | |Native name=زهیر بن القین}} | ||
'''Zuhayr b. al-Qayn''' (Arabic: زهیر بن القین) was a senior member of the al-Bajila tribe who was martyred in the Battle of [[Karbala]]. He was a noble man and highly respected in virtue of participating in many battles. In some sources, al-Qayn—Zuhayr's father—is mentioned as one of the companions of [[Prophet Muhammad|the Prophet]]. Zuhayr was | '''Zuhayr b. al-Qayn''' (Arabic: زهیر بن القین) was a senior member of the al-Bajila tribe who was martyred in the Battle of [[Karbala]]. He was a noble man and highly respected in virtue of participating in many battles. In some sources, al-Qayn—Zuhayr's father—is mentioned as one of the companions of [[Prophet Muhammad|the Prophet]]. Zuhayr was among prominent companions of [[Hussain ibn Ali|Imam Hussain]] and a high-ranking member of his army. | ||
==Joining to the Imam Hussain's army== | ==Joining to the Imam Hussain's army== | ||
Zuhayr was an advocate of Uthman. In 60/680, Zuhayr and his wife were returning from hajj pilgrimage to [[Kufa]] together with their relatives and fellows | Zuhayr was an advocate of Uthman. In 60/680, Zuhayr and his wife were returning from hajj pilgrimage to [[Kufa]] together with their relatives and fellows. There they met Imam Hussain and his companions in a resting area, called [[Zarud]], on the way. Imam Hussain and his companions were also on their way to [[Kufa]]. According to al-Dinawari, the meeting occurred in [[Zarud]] resting area.<ref>Dīnawarī, ''al-Akhbār al-ṭiwāl'', p. 246.</ref> | ||
Imam Hussain sent a messenger to Zuhayr and asked him for a meeting. Zuhayr was first reluctant to meet the Imam, but when his wife, Daylam or Dalham, the daughter of Amr,<ref>Balādhurī, ''Ansāb al-ashrāf'', vol. 3, p. 167; Ṭabarī, ''Tārīkh al-umam wa l-mulūk'', vol. 4, p. 298.</ref> encouraged him to do so, he went to Imam Hussain. The meeting changed | Imam Hussain sent a messenger to Zuhayr and asked him for a meeting. Zuhayr was first reluctant to meet the Imam, but when his wife, Daylam or Dalham, the daughter of Amr,<ref>Balādhurī, ''Ansāb al-ashrāf'', vol. 3, p. 167; Ṭabarī, ''Tārīkh al-umam wa l-mulūk'', vol. 4, p. 298.</ref> encouraged him to do so, he went to Imam Hussain. The meeting changed his life's path. After the meeting, he happily went back to his family and friends, and had his camp and stuff moved near Imam Hussain's camp.<ref>Balādhurī, ''Ansāb al-ashrāf'', vol. 3, p. 167; Ṭabarī, ''Tārīkh al-umam wa l-mulūk'', vol. 4, p. 298.</ref> | ||
Zuhayr said farewell to his wife, and, based on another account, divorced her, and told her: "I am going to be martyred besides Imam Hussain. You go back to your family together with your brother because I do not want you to see anything harmful from me".<ref>Ṭabarī, ''Tārīkh al-umam wa l-mulūk'', vol. 4, p. 396.</ref> | Zuhayr said farewell to his wife, and, based on another account, divorced her, and told her: "I am going to be martyred besides Imam Hussain. You go back to your family together with your brother because I do not want you to see anything harmful from me".<ref>Ṭabarī, ''Tārīkh al-umam wa l-mulūk'', vol. 4, p. 396.</ref> | ||
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==Speech in Dhu Husam== | ==Speech in Dhu Husam== | ||
Encountered [[Horr B. Yazid al-Riahi al-Yarbuʾi al-Tamimi|Hurr b. Yazid]]'s army, Imam Hussain delivered a speech in Dhu Husam area. In this speech, Imam mentioned | Encountered [[Horr B. Yazid al-Riahi al-Yarbuʾi al-Tamimi|Hurr b. Yazid]]'s army, Imam Hussain delivered a speech in Dhu Husam area. In this speech, Imam mentioned many changes happened to the world, corruptions dominant in the society, and the insignificance of this-worldly life.<ref>Ṭabarī, ''Tārīkh al-umam wa l-mulūk'', vol. 4, p. 396.</ref> When the Imam's speech was over, Zuhayr was the first one who declared his obedience of Imam Hussain. The Imam prayed for him and appreciated him.<ref>Balādhurī, ''Ansāb al-ashrāf'', vol. 3, p. 171; Ṭabarī, ''Tārīkh al-umam wa l-mulūk'', vol. 4, p. 305.</ref> | ||
==Suggestion of Attack on Hurr's Army== | ==Suggestion of Attack on Hurr's Army== | ||
On second of [[Muharram]], 61/October 2, 680, Imam Hussain's caravan arrived in Ninawa. At the same time, a messenger from [[Obayd-Allah Ibn Ziad|Ubayd Allah b. Ziyad]] delivered a letter for Hurr in which Ibn Ziyad ordered him to remain strict on Hussain and force him to dwell in a desert with no water. Hurr informed the Imam of the letter. Imam Hussain asked Hurr to let him dwell in Nineveh, Ghadiriyya or Shufayh. But Hurr replied that this was not possible since Ubayd Allah b. Ziyad had spies there. | On second of [[Muharram]], 61/October 2, 680, Imam Hussain's caravan arrived in Ninawa. At the same time, a messenger from [[Obayd-Allah Ibn Ziad|Ubayd Allah b. Ziyad]] delivered a letter for Hurr in which Ibn Ziyad ordered him to remain strict on Hussain and force him to dwell in a desert with no water. Hurr informed the Imam of the letter. Imam Hussain asked Hurr to let him dwell in Nineveh, Ghadiriyya or Shufayh. But Hurr replied that this was not possible since Ubayd Allah b. Ziyad had spies there. | ||
Zuhayr suggested to Imam Hussain to attack Hurr's army, since it | Zuhayr suggested to Imam Hussain to attack Hurr's army, since it was easier to fight with them than with the group that was about to arrive. But Imam Hussain replied that "I will not start the war". | ||
Zuhayr proposed another idea and suggested to dwell in a land near the Euphrates called al-Aqar, since it had natural ramparts. He proceeded on his suggestion and said if the army of Hurr would prevent them from going there they would fight the army of Hurr since fighting them is easier than the army that will come after. Imam Hussain said: "I refuge to God from al-Aqar!"<ref>Dīnawarī, ''al-Akhbār al-ṭiwāl'', p. 251-252; Balādhurī, ''Ansāb al-ashrāf'', vol. 3, p. 167; Ibn al-Athīr, ''al-Kāmil fī l-tārīkh'', vol. 4, p. 51-52.</ref> | Zuhayr proposed another idea and suggested to dwell in a land near the Euphrates called al-Aqar, since it had natural ramparts. He proceeded on his suggestion and said if the army of Hurr would prevent them from going there they would fight the army of Hurr since fighting them is easier than the army that will come after. Imam Hussain said: "I refuge to God from al-Aqar!"<ref>Dīnawarī, ''al-Akhbār al-ṭiwāl'', p. 251-252; Balādhurī, ''Ansāb al-ashrāf'', vol. 3, p. 167; Ibn al-Athīr, ''al-Kāmil fī l-tārīkh'', vol. 4, p. 51-52.</ref> | ||
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Zuhayr replied: | Zuhayr replied: | ||
"Does not my | "Does not my presence here mean that I am with them now? I swear to God that I never wrote a letter to al-Hussain b. Ali and never sent a messenger to him and never promised to help him, but our paths met and when I met him and remembered the Prophet and al-Hussain's place for him and learned that he was going to his enemy and your party, then I decided to help him and be in his group and sacrifice my life for the right of God and the Prophet that ignored by you." | ||
==The Night Before Ashura== | ==The Night Before Ashura== | ||
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*Ibn al-Athīr, ʿAlī b. Muḥammad. ''Al-Kāmil fī l-tārīkh''. Beirut: Dār al-Ṣādir, 1965. | *Ibn al-Athīr, ʿAlī b. Muḥammad. ''Al-Kāmil fī l-tārīkh''. Beirut: Dār al-Ṣādir, 1965. | ||
*Ibn Ṭāwūs, ʿAlī b. Mūsā. ''Iqbāl al-aʿmāl''. Edited by Jawād Qayyūmī. Qom: Daftar-i Tablīghāt-i Islāmī, 1376 Sh. | *Ibn Ṭāwūs, ʿAlī b. Mūsā. ''Iqbāl al-aʿmāl''. Edited by Jawād Qayyūmī. Qom: Daftar-i Tablīghāt-i Islāmī, 1376 Sh. | ||
*Khwārizmī, Muḥammad b. Aḥmad. ''Maqtal al-Ḥusayn''. Edited by Muḥammad al-Samāwī. Qom: Maktabat al-Mufīd, [n.d]. | *[[Maqtal al-Hussain (al-Khwarizmi)|Khwārizmī, Muḥammad b. Aḥmad. ''Maqtal al-Ḥusayn''. Edited by Muḥammad al-Samāwī. Qom: Maktabat al-Mufīd, [n.d].]] | ||
*Mufīd, Muḥammad b. Muḥammad al-. ''Al-Irshād''. Qom: Kungira-yi Shaykh al-Mufīd, 1413 AH. | *Mufīd, Muḥammad b. Muḥammad al-. ''Al-Irshād''. Qom: Kungira-yi Shaykh al-Mufīd, 1413 AH. | ||
*Ṭabarī, Muḥammad b. Jarīr al-. ''Tārīkh al-umam wa l-mulūk''. Second edition. Beirut: Dār al-Turāth, 1967. | *Ṭabarī, Muḥammad b. Jarīr al-. ''Tārīkh al-umam wa l-mulūk''. Second edition. Beirut: Dār al-Turāth, 1967. | ||