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Ali Asqar ibn HussainNew

2023-04-06T22:02:48Z

Admin: Created page with "'''Ali Asqar ibn Hussain''' (d. 10 Muharram 61/ 10 October 680), commonly known as Ali al-Asqar (“younger Ali”), was Imam Hussain’s youngest son. He was killed at the Battle of Karbala by an arrow shot at his throat and is commemorated annually by Shi’a community during Muharram rituals. He is the youngest martyr of the Battle of Karbala on the day of Ashura. He is given the title "Bab al-Hawa'ij". == Birth and Martyrdom == His mother..."

'''Ali Asqar ibn Hussain''' (d. 10 [[Muharram]] 61/ 10 October 680), commonly known as Ali al-Asqar (“younger Ali”), was [[Hussain ibn Ali|Imam Hussain]]’s youngest son. He was killed at the [[Battle of Karbala]] by an arrow shot at his throat and is commemorated annually by Shi’a community during Muharram rituals. He is the youngest martyr of the Battle of Karbala on the day of Ashura. He is given the title "Bab al-Hawa'ij".

== Birth and Martyrdom ==
His mother was Robab bint Imraʾ al-Qays b. Adi Kalbi.<ref>Tabari, p. 387; Mofid, al-Ekhtesas, Tehran, 1379/1959-60, p. 83</ref> According to various sources, he was a new-born child <ref>Yaʿqubi, II, pp. 290f.</ref>, or an infant. <ref>one-year-old in Balʿami; Tarikh, p. 268; Chronique IV, p. 43; six months in the Arabic “historical romance” of Ebn Taʾus Taʾusi, tr. F. Wüstenfeld, Der Tod des Husein ben ʿAli und die Rache, Göttingen, 1883, p. 91</ref> After trying to reach the Euphrates River, Hussain, surrounded by his enemies and badly wounded, took Abdallah in his lap. A man from the Banu Asad shot an arrow into the baby’s neck, killing him; Hussain gathered his blood in his hands, spilled it on the ground, and invoked God against the evil-doers. <ref>Tabari, II, pp. 359-60; Baḷʿami, p. 268; Chronique IV, p. 44</ref> Various later accounts confuse Abdallah b. Hussain and [[Abd Allah ibn al-Hasan|Abdallah b. Hasan]], the latter of whom was killed defending his uncle Hussain. According to Tabari <ref>II, p. 387</ref>, the Abdallah b. Hussain was killed by Hani b. Thabit Hazrami, and Abdallah b. Hasan by [[Harmala b. Kahil al-Asadi|Harmala b. Kahel]]. According to the later Persian tradition, Abdallah b. Hussain was killed by Harmala b. Kahel Azdi, who shot an arrow through the baby’s throat.<ref>Hussain Waʿez ashefi, [[Rawzat al-Shuhada]], ed. M. Ramazani, Tehran, 1341 Sh./1962, p. 343; Habib al-siar [Tehran], II, p. 55</ref> Rawzat al-Shuhada adds that the arrow also penetrated Hussain’s arm; he removed it, stanched the bleeding, and took care not to spill a drop of blood on the ground.

== Name ==
In various chronicles not concerned with [[Shiʿa|Shiʿite]] tradition regarding the three sons of Hussain named Ali, there are further confusions; thus [[Ali b. al-Hussain|Ali Zayn-al-Abedin]] is sometimes called Ali Asqar instead of Ali Awsat.<ref>e.g., Dinavari, Cairo, 1330/1912, p. 256; Habib al-siar II, p. 61</ref> In Tarikh-e Qom <ref>ed. S. J. Ṭehrani, Tehran, 1313 Sh./1934, pp. 195ff.</ref> “Imam [[ʿAli Akbar|Ali Akbar]]” refers to Shahrbanuya’s son (i.e., Zayn-al-Abedin), and “Ali Asqar, the son of Layla,” to Ali Akbar; Abdallah (= Ali Asqar) is killed by an arrow in his mother’s arms.

== Commemoration and Shi’i Rituals ==
In Muharram ceremonies and commemorations, ‘Ali Asqar is represented as an innocent infant suffering unbearable thirst; his martyrdom provokes loud lamentations in the whole harem (and in Muharram assemblies). Popular iconography represents Hussain, generally riding a white stallion, holding ‘Ali Asqar in his arms before the enemy ranks; he says to them, “Oh people, even if in your opinion I am a sinner, this baby is sinless. Give him a sip of water!”.<ref>Rawzat al-Shuhada, p. 342; Habib al-siar II, p. 55</ref> Ali Asqar’s [[martyrdom]] is celebrated at length in [[Rawza-Khani]] literature <ref>e.g., Jawhari, Tufan al-bokaʾ, Tehran, n.d., pp. 254-59</ref>; in Cerulli’s collection of [[Ta'ziya|taʿziyas]], he is not specifically mentioned, though his martyrdom is represented in the majles dedicated to the death of Imam Hussain.<ref>Rossi and Bombaci, Elenco, nos. 539, 576, 583, 603/1, 699</ref> It seems that in earlier taʿziya tradition a complete [[majles]] was dedicated to ‘Ali Asqar.<ref>A. Chodzko’s collection, Cat. Bib. Nat., Supplément persan, no. 993, drame no. 23</ref> The infant’s cradle is a conspicuous element on the stage.<ref>see, e.g., the list of properties in Rossi and Bombaci, Elenco, no. 603/1</ref> ‘Ali Asqar is also represented in Muharram processions <ref>H. Massé, Croyances et coutumes persanes, Paris, 1938, I, p. 127, after S. G Wilson</ref> and celebrated in folklore. He is buried with other martyrs of Karbala near Imam Hussain’s grave.

== Bibliography ==

* See also Y. Lassy, The Muharram Mysteries among the Azerbeijan Turks of Caucasia, Helsingfors, 1916, pp. 39ff., 99, 124.

* E. Rossi and A. Bombaci, Elenco di drammi religiosi persiani (fondo mss. Vaticani Cerulli), Vatican City, 1961 (indices).

* H. ul-Ameene, Islamic Shiʿite Encyclopaedia, Beirut, 1973, IV, pp. 172ff.

* J. Calmard, Le Culte de l’Imām Ḥusayn, Etude sur la commémoration du drame de Karbaladans l’Iran pré-safavide, thesis, University of Paris III (Sorbonne), May, 1975, index and Tableau A, Tableau B. (J. Calmard).

== Source ==

* Encyclopaedia Iranica

{| class="wikitable"
! colspan="2" |[hide]

* [[Template:Companions of Imam al-Hussain|<abbr>v</abbr>]]
* [[Template talk:Companions of Imam al-Hussain|<abbr>t</abbr>]]
* <abbr>e</abbr>

Companions of [[Martyrs of Karbala]]
|-
!Died before
the Uprising
|[[Sharik b. al-A'war]]
|-
!Martyrs
|
{| class="wikitable"
!Before

Ashura
|[[Muslim b. Aqil b. Abi Talib|Muslim b. Aqil]] • [[Maytham al-Tammar]] • [[Haniʾ b. ʿUrwa al-Muradi|Hani b. Urwa]] • [[Abd Allah b. Yaqtar]] • [[Qays b. Mushir al-Saydawi|Qays b. Mushir]] • [[Umara b. Salkhab]] • [[Sulayman b. Razin]] • [[Abd al-A'la b. Yazid al-Kalbi]] • [[Hanzala b. As'ad al-Shibami|Hanzala b. Marwa]] • [[Abd Allah b. al-Harith]] • [[al-Abbas b. Ja'da]] • [[Ubayd Allah b. Amr]]
|-
![[Ashura]]
|
{| class="wikitable"
!Separated from

Army of

[[Omar Ibn Sa’d|Umar b. Sa'd]]
|[[Horr B. Yazid al-Riahi al-Yarbuʾi al-Tamimi|Al-Hurr b. Yazid al-Riyahi]] • [[Sa'd b. al-Harth al-Ansari]] • [[Abu l-Hutuf b. al-Harth al-Ansari|Abu l-Hutuf]] • [[Nu'man b. Amr]] • [[Hulas b. Amr]] • [[Bakr b. al-Tamim]] • [[Juwayn b. Malik]] • [[Yazid b. Ziyad b. Muhasir|Abu l-Sha'tha al-Kindi]] • [[Qasim b. Habib]]
|-
!First Attack
|[[Muslim b. Awsaja al-Asadi|Muslim b. Awsaja]] • [[Amr b. Khalid al-Saydawi|Amr b. Khalid]] • [[Sa'd b. Harith al-Khuza'i]] • [[Mas'ud b. al-Hajjaj]] • [[Na'im b. Ajlan]] • [[Salim b. 'Amr b. 'Abd Allah]] • [[Jundab b. Hujayr]] • [[Jabala b. Ali al-Shaybani|Jabala b. Ali]] • [[Kurdus b. Zuhayr al-Taghlibi|Kurdus b. Zuhayr]] • [[Muqsit b. Zuhayr al-Taghlibi]] • [[Qasit b. Zuhayr al-Taghlibi|Qasit b. Zuhayr]] • [[Amir b. Muslim al-Abdi|Amir b. Muslim]] • [[Umran b. Ka'b]] • [[Amr b. Dubay'a]] • [[Ammar b. Hassan]] • [[Muslim b. Kathir al-Azdi|Muslim b. Kathir]] • [[Sulayman b. Kathir]] • [[Khalid b. Amr]] • [[Qarib b. Abd Allah]] • [[Zahir b. Amr]] • [[Umm Wahb bt. Abd|Umm Wahb]] • [[Amr b. Qaraza]] • [[Abd al-Rahman b. Abd Rabb al-Ansari al-Khazraji|Abd al-Rahman al-Ansari]] • [[Yazid b. Thubayt al-Abdi al-Basri|Yazid b. Thubayt]] • [[Shabib b. Abd Allah al-Nahshali|Shabib b. Abd Allah]] • [[Mujammi' b. Abd Allah]] • [[A'idh b. Mujammi']] • [[Junada b. al-Harath]] • [[Ammar b. Abi Salama]] • [[Harith b. Nabhan|al-Harith b. Nabhal]] • [[Al-Hajjaj b. Zayd al-Sa'di]] • [[Salim (Slave of Amir b. Muslim)]] • [[Munjih b. Sahm]] • [[Sa'd (Slave of Amr b. Khalid)|Sa'd]] • [[Habbab b. Amir]] • [[al-Harith b. Nabhan]] • [[Qarib b. Abd Allah]]
|-
!Hand to Hand

Combat
|[[Nafi b. Hilal b. Jamil|Nafi' b. Hilal al-Bajali|Nafi' b. Hilal]] • [[Hanzala b. As'ad al-Shibami|Hanzala b. As'ad]] • [[Abd al-Rahman b. Abd Allah al-Arhabi]] • [[Burayr b. Khudayr al-Hamdani al-Mishraqi|Burayr b. Khudayr al-Hamdani|Burayr b. Khudayr]] • [[Habib b. Muzahir]] • [[Abd Allah b. Umayr al-Kalbi]] • [[Yahya b. Sulaym]] • [[Amr b. Muta']] • [[Unays b. Ma'qil]] • [[Qurra b. Abi Qurra]] • [[Anas b. al-Harith al-Kahili|Anas b. al-Harith]] • [[Sa'd b. Hanzala al-Tamimi|Sa'd b. Hanzala]] • [[Khalaf b. Muslim b. Awsaja]] • [[Jawn b. Huway|Jawn]] • [[Sayf b. al-Harith al-Hamdani]] • [[Malik b. Abd Allah al-Hamdani]] • [[Yazid b. al-Hussain al-Hamdani|Yazid b. Husayn al-Hamdani]] • [[Umayr b. Abd Allah]] • [[Yazid b. Maghfil]] • [[Junada b. al-Harth]] • [[Amr b. Junada al-Ansari|Amr b. Junada]] • [[Abd al-Rahman b. Uzra]] • [[Abd al-Rahman b. Abd Allah]] • [[Wahb b. Wahb]]
|-
!Defence of

[[Prayer]]
|[[Sa'id b. 'Abd Allah al-Hanafi|Sa'id b. Abd Allah al-Hanafi]]
|-
!After

the Prayer
|[[Zuhayr b. al-Qayn]] • [[Abu Thumama al-Sa'idi]] • [[Shawdhab Mawla of Shakir|Shawdhab]] • [[Al-Hajjaj b. Masruq al-Ju'fi]] • [[Bashir b. Amr al-Kindi|Bashir b. Amr]] • [[Darghama b. Malik al-Taghlibi|Darghama b. Malik]] • [[Abis b. Abi Shabib al-Shakiri|Abis]] • [[Sayf b. Malik]]
|-
![[Banu Hashim]]
|[[Abbas B. Ali B. Abu Taleb|Abbas b. Ali]] • [[Ali al-Akbar ibn al-Hussain|Ali Akbar]] • Ali al-Asghar • [[Uthman b. Ali]] • [[Abd Allah ibn Ali|Abd Allah b. Ali]] • [[Ja'far b. Ali]] • [[Muhammad b. al-Imam Ali (a)|Muhammad b. Ali]] • [[Umar b. Ali]] • [[Abu Bakr b. Ali]] • [[Abu Bakr b. al-Hasan b. Ali]] • [[Qasim b. al-Hasan|al-Qasim b. al-Hasan]] • [[Abd Allah ibn al-Hasan|Abd Allah b. al-Hasan]] • [[Awn b. Abd Allah b. Ja'far al-Tayyar|Awn b. Abd Allah]] • [[Muhammad b. Abd Allah b. Ja'far|Muhammad b. Abd Allah]] • [[Ja'far b. Aqil]] • [[Abd al-Rahman b. Aqil]] • [[Abd Allah b. Muslim b. Aqil|Abd Allah b. Muslim]] • [[Abd Allah ibn Aqil]] • [[Muhammad b. Abi Sa'id b. Aqil|Muhammad b. Abi Sa'id]]
|-
!After

Martyrdom

of [[Imam al-Husayn (a)|Imam]]

(Injured Ones)
|[[Amr b. Abd Allah al-Jundu'i]] • [[Sawwar b. Mun'im]] • [[Muwaqqa' b. Thumama]] • [[Hafhaf b. al-Muhannad]] • [[Suwayd b. Amr al-Khath'ami|Suwayd b. Amr]]
|}
|-
!After

Ashura
|[['Abd Allah b. 'Afif al-Azdi]] • [[Two Sons of Muslim b. Aqil]] • [[Durrat al-Sadaf]]
|}
|-
!Survivals
from
of Karbala
|[[Imam Ali b. al-Husayn al-Sajjad (a)|Ali b. al-Husayn (a)]] • [[Dahhak b. Abd Allah al-Mashriqi|Dahhak b. Abd Allah]] • [[al-Hasan al-Muthanna]] • [[Umar b. al-Imam al-Hasan (a)]] • [[Uqba b. Sam'an]]
|-
!Absents
in Karbala
|
{| class="wikitable"
!Among [[Companions of the Prophet (s)|Sahaba]]
|[[Abd Allah b. Ja'far b. Abi Talib|Abd Allah b. Ja'far]] • [[Abd Allah b. al-Abbas|Ibn Abbas]] • [[Sulayman b. Surad al-Khuza'i]] • [[Sulaym b. Qays]] • [[al-Bara' b. Azib]] • [[Jabir b. Abd Allah al-Ansari]] • [[Abu Barza al-Aslami]] • [[Sahl b. Sa'd al-Sa'idi]] • [[al-Musayyib b. Najaba]] • [[Zayd b. Arqam]]
|-
!Among [[Tabi'un]]
|[[Muhammad b. al-Hanafiyya]] • [[Al-Mukhtar b. Abi 'Ubayd al-Thaqafi]] • [[Rifa'a b. Shaddad al-Bajali|Rifa'a b. Shaddad]] • [[al-Tirimmah b. Adi]]
|}
|-
| colspan="2" |'''[[Template:Battle of Karbala|Battle of Karbala]] / [[Template:Perpetrators of the Battle of Karbala|Perpetrators of the Battle of Karbala]]'''
|}
[[Category:Karbala Martyrs]]
[[Category:Battle of Karbala]]
[[Category:Hussain’s Followers]]
[[Category:Historical Characters]]
[[Category:Hussain’s Family]]
[[Category:Martyrs of Karbala]]
[[Category:Children of Imam Hussain]]

Sunnis

2023-04-06T21:52:20Z

Admin: Created page with "The '''Sunnis''' are the largest branch of the Muslim community, at least 85 percent of the world's 1.2 billion Muslims. The name is derived from the Sunnah, the exemplary behavior of the Prophet Muhammad. All Muslims are guided by the Sunnah, but Sunnis stress it, as well as consensus (ijma; the full name of Sunnis is Ahl al-Sunnah wa'l-Ijma, people of the Sunnah and consensus). The other branch of Islam, the Shi’is, are guided as well by the wisdom of Muhammad's..."

The '''Sunnis''' are the largest branch of the Muslim community, at least 85 percent of the world's 1.2 billion Muslims. The name is derived from the Sunnah, the exemplary behavior of the [[Prophet Muhammad]]. All Muslims are guided by the Sunnah, but Sunnis stress it, as well as consensus (ijma; the full name of Sunnis is Ahl al-Sunnah wa'l-Ijma, people of the Sunnah and consensus). The other branch of Islam, the Shi’is, are guided as well by the wisdom of Muhammad's descendants, but through his son-in-law [[Ali]].</p>Sunni life is guided by four schools of legal thought—[[Hanafi]], [[Maliki]], [[Shafii]], and [[Hanbali]]—each of which strives to develop practical applications of revelation and the Prophet's example.</p>Although Sunni Islam comprises a variety of theological and legal schools, attitudes, and outlooks conditioned by historical setting, locale, and culture, Sunnis around the world share some common points: acceptance of the legitimacy of the first four successors of Muhammad (Abu Bakr, Umar, Uthman, and Ali), and the belief that other Islamic sects have introduced innovations (bidah), departing from majority belief.</p>Sunni Islamic institutions developed out of struggles in early Islam over leadership of the Muslim community. Political and religious positions, articulated by scholars, arose out of disputes over the definition of “true” belief, the status of those who profess Islam but commit a great sin, freedom, and determinism. Sunnis tend to reject excessive rationalism or intellectualism, focusing instead on the spirit and intent of the ''Quran''.</p></p>

== Imam al-Hussain in Sunni Books ==
With recourse to Sunni books of tradition [hadith] and biography, it can be seen that most Sunni scholars hold Imam al-Hussain in great esteem and high respect.

=== Imam al-Hussain’s birth ===
1. Ibn ‘Abd al-Barr writes, “Al-Hussain is the son of [[ʿAli ibn Abi Talib]] and [[Fatima]], the Prophet’s daughter. His nickname is Aba ‘Abd Allah. He was born on the 5th of Sha‘ban in either the third or fourth year of the Islamic calendar [hijrah]. This is the popular opinion which is held by a majority of his companions.”<ref>Al-Isti‘ab, vol. 1, p. 143</ref>

2. It is thus recounted in the book entitled, “Akhbar al-Duwal”, “When al-Hussain was born, the Prophet was informed about this happy occasion. He came to al-Zahra’s house, requested to see al-Hussain and held him in his arms.

The Prophet recited first the adhan (the call to prayer) in the newborn’s right ear and next the iqamah (the prelude to prayer) in his left ear. The Archangel Gabriel [Jibra’il] appeared to the Noble Prophet and brought Allah’s orders that the newborn child should be named al-Hussain. This was an exact repetition of what had earlier taken place when al-Hasan was born.”<ref>Akhbar al-Duwal wa Athar al-Awwal, p. 107</ref>

3. Sibṭ ibn al-Jawzi says, “His nickname is Aba ‘Abd Allah. He was also endowed with the titles Sayyid Wafiyy, Waliyy, Sibṭ, and the Martyr [shahid] of Karbala.”<ref>Tadhkirah al-Khawass, p. 232</ref>

=== Imam al-Hussain’s acts of worship ===
1. Ibn ‘Abd Rabbih recounts that it was asked of ‘Ali ibn al-Hussain, “Why are your father’s progeny few?” The Imam answered, “I am surprised at how he managed to sire children at all because he was constantly engaged in prayer every day and night. He used to perform a thousand units [rak‘ahs] of prayer per day. How could he find free time for women?”<ref>Al-‘Aqd al-Farid, vol. 2, p. 220</ref>

2. Ibn Ṣabbagh Maliki narrates, “Whenever al-Hussain ibn ‘Ali was in a state of prayer, his color would turn pale.” They asked him, “What is this state which arises in you whenever you stand in prayer?” The Imam replied, “You do not comprehend He whom I stand before.”<ref>Al-Fusul al-Muhimmah, p. 183</ref>

3. Zamakhshari recounts that some people saw al-Hussain ibn ‘Ali performing the circumambulation of the Ka‘bah [tawaf]. When he came to the station of Ishmael [Isma‘il], he said his prayers. After praying, he put his face on the station of Ishmael and began weeping and said, “Your humble slave is at the doorstep of your house! Your humble servant is at your doorstep! A destitute is at your doorstep!”

For a long time, he kept repeating these statements. After a while, as he was leaving that place, his sight fell upon some poor people eating crumbs and pieces of bread. Imam al-Hussain went over to them and greeted them with the ceremonial Islamic greeting of ‘salam’. They answered his greeting and invited him to their meal. He sat with them but did not partake of their food. He said, “If your food had not been from charity [sadaqah], I would have partaken of it.” He said to them, “Arise and come with me to my house.” When they arrived at his house, Imam al-Hussain provided them with food and clothes.<ref>Rabi‘ al-Abrar, p. 210</ref>

4. It has been narrated that ‘Abd Allah ibn ‘Ubayd ibn ‘Umayr said, “Al-Hussain ibn ‘Ali performed the hajj twenty five times on foot, despite being accompanied by his fine and noble horses.”<ref>Sifat al-Safwah, vol. 1, p. 321; Usd al-Ghabah, vol. 3, p. 20, Egyptian print</ref>

6. Ibn ‘Abd al-Barr says, “Al-Hussain was a highly scholarly and religious man. He performed prayer, fasting and hajj a lot.”<ref>Al-Isti‘ab, vol. 1, p. 393</ref>

8. On his own chain of transmission [sanad], Tabari narrates that Ḍaḥḥak ibn ‘Abd Allah Mashriqi said, “When darkness fell at Karbala, al-Hussain and his companions spent the whole night praying, seeking forgiveness, supplicating and entreating Allah…”<ref>Tarikh Ṭabari, vol. 5, p. 421</ref>

=== Imam al-Hussain’s forbearance ===
1. It has been recounted that Imam ‘Ali ibn al-Hussain said, “Al-Hussain used to say, ‘If someone vilifies me in my right ear and then apologizes for it in my left ear, I will surely accept his apology because I heard Amir al-Mu’minin ‘Ali ibn Abi Ṭalib narrate a hadith from my grandfather the Prophet of Allah that,<ref>Zarandi, Naẓm Durar al-Samṭayn, p. 209</ref>

لا یرد الحوض من لم یقبل العذر من محقّ او مبطل.

The one who does not accept apologies, whether the apology is true or not, will not pass the pond [hawd] of al-Kawthar’.”

2. It has been recounted that one of Imam al-Hussain’s slaves had committed an offence that required discipline. The Imam ordered that the slave should be punished for the offence. The slave implored Imam al-Hussain’s forgiveness. He appealed to the Imam by quoting verses of the Holy Qur’an. He said, “O my master! God, the Exalted, has revealed: ‘And those who restrain their anger’.”<ref>Surat Al ‘Imran 3:134</ref>

Imam al-Hussain replied, “Let him go. I have restrained my anger.” The slave continued, “And pardon men.” The Imam said, “I have pardoned you.” The slave further implored, “And Allah loves the doers of good.” The Imam said, “You are freed in the way of Allah.” After this, Imam al-Hussain gave orders that a gracious and handsome gift should be given to the freed slave.<ref>Haḍrami, Wasilah al-Ma’al, p. 183</ref>

=== Imam al-Hussain’s virtues in the words of the Prophet ===
1. On his own chain of transmission [sanad], Bukhari quotes Na‘im saying, “Ibn Umar was asked, ‘What is the verdict of a muḥrim (a person visiting the holy and inviolable House of Allah) who kills a fly?’ Ibn ‘Umar answered, ‘The people of Iraq are more concerned to ask about killing flies ignoring the fact that they killed the son of the Prophet’s daughter.’ Then he added, ‘The Noble Prophet has said, ‘Al-Hasan and al-Hussain are my sweet-smelling flowers in this world’.”<ref>Ṣaḥiḥ Bukhari, vol. 5, p. 33, the Book [kitab] on Fada’il al-Sahabah (Virtues of the Companions, the Section [bab] on Manaqib al-Hasan wa al-Husayn (The Virtues of al-Ḥasan and al-Husayn)</ref>

2. On his own chain of transmission, al-Hakim al-Neyshaburi recounts that, “Salman Farsi said, ‘Allah’s Prophet used to say,

الحسن والحسین إبنای، من أحبّهما احبّنی، ومن أحبّنی أحبّه الله، ومن أحبّه الله أدخله الجنة، ومن أبغضهما أبغضنی، ومن أبغضنی أبغضه الله، ومن أبغضه الله أدخله النا

‘Al-Hasan and al-Hussain are my two children. Whoever loves them has in fact loved me. Whoever loves me is loved by Allah and whoever is loved by Allah will enter Paradise. Anyone who hates these two has in fact hated me. Anyone who hates me is hated by Allah, and whoever is hated by Allah will be cast into the hell fire.’’”<ref>Al-Hakim al-Neyshaburi, Al-Mustadrak ‘ala al-Sahihayn, vol. 3, p. 166</ref>

3. Also on his own chain of transmission, al-Hakim al-Neyshaburi has narrated that, “Ibn ‘Umar said, ‘The Prophet of Allah said,

الحسن والحسین سیدا شباب أهل الجنة وأبوهما خیرٌ منهما

‘Al-Hasan and al-Hussain are the chiefs of the youths of Paradise, and their father is better than these two.’’"<ref>Ibid., p. 167</ref>

4. On his own chain of transmission, al-Tirmidhi quotes from Yusuf ibn Ibrahim from Anas ibn Malik, “The Prophet was asked about whom among the [[Ahl al-Bayt]] was more beloved to him. He answered, ‘Al-Hasan and al-Hussain.’ The Prophet always used to tell Fatima, ‘Bring my two children to me.’ He would then press them against his chest and smell their sweet scent.”<ref>Al-Tirmidhi, Sunan, vol. 5, p. 323, no. 3861</ref>

5. Ya‘la ibn Marrah says, “The Holy Prophet and I left the house to attend a social gathering we had been invited to. Along the way, the Prophet caught sight of al-Hussain. He was busy playing. Allah’s Prophet quickly went to al-Hussain and spread his arms wide open in order to embrace him, but al-Hussain teasingly kept running from side to side in a playful manner. Both of them started laughing. Finally, the Prophet managed to catch al-Hussain.

He put one of his hands under al-Hussain’s chin and the other one on his head. Finally, they embraced and kissed each other. The Prophet then said,

حسین منّی وأنا منه، أحبّ الله من أحبّه، الحسن والحسین سبطان من الأسباط.

‘Al-Hussain is from me and I am from al-Hussain. Allah loves whoever loves al-Hussain. Al-Hasan and al-Hussain are two of my grandchildren’.”<ref>Al-Tabarani, Al-Mu‘jam al-Kabir, vol. 22, p. 274; Al-Hindi, Kanz al-‘Ummal, vol. 13, p. 662; Ibn ‘Asakir, Mukhtasar Tarikh Damishq, vol. 14, p. 150</ref>

We interpret the sentence ‘Al-Hussain is from me and I am from al-Hussain,’ as follows:

a) The first part of the hadith which says, ‘Al-Hussain is from me,’ means that al-Hussain descends from and is a product of the Prophet of Allah. Although his biological father is ‘Ali ibn Abi Talib, the explicit wording of the Qur’anic Verse of [[Mubahala]] clearly states that Imam ‘Ali is a part of the soul of Allah’s Prophet. For this reason, Imam al-Hussain is rightly considered as the Prophet’s child.

b) Commenting on the second part of the hadith which says, ‘And I am from al-Hussain,’ it can be said, after proclaiming his prophetic mission, the Noble Prophet cannot be regarded as an ordinary person anymore. On the contrary, he is looked upon as a man with a divine mission. Allah’s Prophet is the epitome of the prophetic mission. His life is his prophetic mission and his prophetic mission is his life.

c) Also, we all know that every father makes an effort to have a child who will succeed him, defend his father’s character, and protect and revive his mission. The child is the one who is charged with the duty of continuing his father’s way. Regarding Imam al-Hussain, the reason why the Holy Prophet says, ‘I am from al-Hussain,’ is that al-Hussain’s uprising and martyrdom kept alive the mission of the Holy Prophet.

For this reason, the Holy Prophet conferred the dignity of ‘I am from al-Hussain,’ on him. This implies that the continuity of the prophetic mission depends on al-Hussain. It is for this reason that it has been said, “Islam transpired through Muhammad and survived through al-Hussain.”

6. Yazid ibn Abi Yazid says, “Fatima’s house was located along the Prophet’s way from ‘A’ishah’s house. One day, as the Prophet was leaving ‘A’ishah’s house, he heard al-Hussain crying. The Noble Prophet said, ‘O Fatima! Do you not know that I am bothered and pained when I hear him crying?’”<ref>Majma‘ al-Zawa’id, vol. 9, p. 201</ref>

7. Al-Hakim al-Neyshaburi recounts that he personally heard Abu Hurairah saying, “I saw Allah’s Prophet embracing al-Hussain. He kept saying, ‘O my Allah! I love him. Love him too!’”<ref>Al-Hakim al-Neyshaburi, Al-Mustadrak ‘ala al-Sahihayn, vol. 3, p. 177</ref>

=== Al-Hussain as described by the Prophet’s companions ===
1. Anas ibn Malik recounts, “After the [[martyrdom]] of al-Hussain ibn ‘Ali, they brought his severed head to [[Obayd-Allah Ibn Ziad]]. Ibn Ziyad started hitting Imam al-Hussain’s teeth with a piece of wood. I was thinking to myself, ‘What an ugly and distasteful act he is doing! I saw with my own eyes Allah’s Prophet kissing that same place which he is now hitting’.”<ref>Dhakha’ir al-‘Uqba, p. 126</ref>

2. Zayd ibn Arqam says, “I was sitting in the presence of ‘Ubayd Allah ibn Ziyad when they brought Imam al-Hussain’s head for him. Ibn Ziyad lifted his staff and hit between the lips of Imam al-Hussain. I said to him, ‘You are hitting your staff at a place that was constantly kissed by Allah’s Prophet.’ Ibn Ziyad said to me, ‘Arise and leave! You are just an old man who has lost his mind’.”<ref>Kanz al-‘Ummal, vol. 7, p. 110; Usd al-Ghabah, vol. 2, p. 21</ref>

3. Isma‘il ibn Raja’ narrates that his father said, “I was sitting in the Prophet’s Mosque together with a number of people. Among them were Abu Sa‘id al-Khudri and ‘Abd Allah ibn ‘Umar. Al-Hussain ibn ‘Ali passed and greeted all of us gathered there. Everyone responded to his greeting except ‘Abd Allah ibn ‘Umar. He remained quiet for some time waiting for everyone to finish responding and become silent.

After everyone became quiet, and there was no longer any noise to interrupt him, ‘Abd Allah ibn ‘Umar raised his voice very high and said, ‘May God’s peace and blessings be upon you!’ [wa ‘alayka salam wa rahmatullah wa barakatuh!] After that, he turned towards the people and asked, ‘Do you want me to inform you about a man from among the inhabitants of the earth who is the most beloved of the inhabitants of the heavens?’

The people answered, ‘Yes!’ ‘Abd Allah ibn ‘Umar said, ‘In the heavens, the most beloved man is that Hashimite man who just passed by us. He has not talked to me since the Battle of Siffin. If he forgives me, it is far better for me than a host of fine red camels’.”<ref>Usd al-Ghabah, vol. 3, p. 5</ref>

4. Jabir ibn ‘Abd Allah Ansari says, “Whoever wants to catch a glimpse of the dwellers of paradise should look at al-Hussain, because I heard that the Holy Prophet used to inform people to do this.”<ref>Zarandi, Naẓm Durar al-Samṭayn, p. 208; Al-Bidayah wa al-Nihayah, vol. 8, p. 225</ref>

In his book entitled “Majma‘ al-Zawa’id”, Haythami has also narrated this same hadith. At the end he adds, “The narrators of this hadith are all classified and categorized among the truthful reporters of hadith, except Rabi‘ ibn Sa‘d, who is classified among the very trustworthy and reliable.”<ref>Majma‘ al-Zawa’id, vol. 9, p. 187</ref>

5. ‘Umar ibn Khattab addressed Imam al-Hussain in this way, “That which has sprung up and grown over our heads (i.e. Islam) was done through you the people of the Prophet’s Household (i.e. the Ahl al-Bayt).”<ref>Al-Iṣabah, vol. 1, p. 333</ref>

6. It has been recounted that, “‘Abd Allah ibn ‘Abbas held the straps of Imam al-Hasan’s and Imam al-Hussain’s horse. Some people rebuked him for doing so. They said, ‘You are older than these two. It is not befitting of you to hold the straps of their horse.’ Ibn ‘Abbas answered, ‘These two are the Holy Prophet’s children. Is it not equal to prosperity for me to hold the straps of their horse?’”<ref>Al-Iṣabah, vol. 1, p. 333</ref>

=== Imam al-Hussain in the words of the tabi‘in ===
Imam al-Hussain in the words of the tabi‘in

1. Mu‘awiyah said to ‘Abd Allah ibn Ja‘far, “You are the chief of Bani Hashim!” ‘Abd Allah replied, “The chiefs of Bani Hashim are al-Hasan and al-Hussain.”<ref>Al-Hasan ibn ‘Ali (as), Kamil Sulayman, p. 173</ref>

2. When Marwan ibn Hakam suggested killing Imam al-Hussain to the general governor of Medina, Walid ibn ‘Utbah ibn Abi Sufyan, he answered, “I swear to Allah, O Marwan! I would not desire to own the world and all its possessions as long as my conscience knows that I bear the responsibility of killing al-Hussain. Praise Allah! Should I kill al-Hussain just because he has refused to swear the oath of allegiance to Yazid ibn Mu‘awiyah? I am certain that on the Day of Judgement, the bad works of the person that kills al-Hussain will outweigh his good works.”<ref>Ibid., p. 147</ref>

3. Ibrahim Nakha‘i says, “If I were one of al-Hussain’s killers and still managed to enter Paradise in one way or another, I would be ashamed and embarrassed to look upon the face of Allah’s Prophet.”<ref>Al-Isabah, vol. 1, p. 335</ref>

=== Imam al-Hussain from the viewpoint of Sunni scholars ===

==== Ibn Hajar al-‘Asqalani ====
“Al-Hussain ibn ‘Ali ibn Abi Talib is a Hashimite, popularly known as Abu ‘Abd Allah, a native of Medina, and the grandson of Allah’s Prophet. He was the Holy Prophet’s flower in this world and one of the two chiefs of the youths of Paradise.”<ref>Tahdhib al-Tahdhib, vol. 2, p. 299</ref>

==== Zarandi Hanafi ====
“Al-Hussain prayed, fasted, went on pilgrimage to Mecca and performed other acts of worship a great deal. He was a very generous and noble man. He went to the hajj twenty five times on foot.”<ref>Nazm Durar al-Samtayn, p. 208</ref>

==== Yafi‘i ====
“Abu ‘Abd Allah ibn ‘Ali was the Holy Prophet’s flower and grandchild. He was the epitome of the prophetic mission, the summation of high moral values and the venue of noble virtues…”<ref>Mir’at al-Jinan, vol 1, p. 131</ref>

==== Ibn Sirin ====
“The sky has never wept again since the martyrdom of Yahya ibn Zakariyya (John the Baptist), save when it wept for al-Hussain. When al-Hussain was killed, the sky turned black and the stars came out. The stars could be seen shining during the day to such an extent that the Gemini Star (the Twins) appeared in the sky at noontime! Red soil fell from the sky and the sky looked like congealed red blood for seven days.”<ref>Ibn ‘Asakir, Mukhtasar Tarikh Damishq, vol. 4, p. 339</ref>

==== ‘Abbas Mahmud ‘Aqqad ====
“Courage is a characteristic that is not alien to al-Hussain. It is a quality that arises from the source of all virtues (the Noble Prophet). Al-Hussain inherited this perfect attribute from his ancestors and later passed it on to his progeny. In the entire history of humankind, no one has been found to be braver than al-Hussain.

Among all the children of Adam, no one has undertaken a braver action than the measure al-Hussain undertook at Karbala. I will not go into all the details but suffice it to say that the honor of being a martyr, the son of a martyr and the father of martyrs is reserved only for him in the entire history of mankind, and will remain so for hundreds of years to come…”<ref>Abu al-Shuhada’, p. 195</ref>

==== Doctor Muhammad ‘Abduh Yamani ====
“Al-Hussain was a devoted and humble man. People always witnessed him fasting. He used to stay awake at night worshiping and always took precedence in helping and granting favors to others…”<ref>‘Allimu Awladakum Mahabbata Al-i Bayt-i al-Nabi (as), p. 133</ref>

==== ‘Umar Rida Kahalah ====
“Al-Hussain ibn ‘Ali was the greatest among the people of Iraq in Islamic law, spiritual states, generosity and munificence.”<ref>A‘lam al-Nisa’, vol. 1, p. 28</ref>

== Contemporary Reform Movements ==
Reform movements within Sunni Islam began to appear during the eighteenth century in the works of scholars seeking to revive the dynamism of Islamic thought and life in order to meet the demands of the modern world. These movements gained momentum with the imposition of European colonial control throughout the Muslim world. The nineteenth and twentieth centuries witnessed the revival of Quranic studies as well as renewed commitment to science and education as the path to independence and development within the context of Islamic values and identity. Sunni thought of the eighteenth through twentieth centuries has also reexamined traditional Islamic law. Many modern reformers believe that fiqh (jurisprudence), as a human interpretation of divine law, should be open to reinterpretation in accordance with present circumstances and community nees. Almost all twentieth-century Muslim countries are debating the role of Islamic law and civil codes in modern society and the implications for constitutional law and the organization of the state. Many Islamic thinkers reject the notion that Islam requires a particular form of state and government, looking instead to Quranic principles such as shura (consultation) for guidance. Some believe that religion and the state are intended to be separate entities, while others, such as the Muslim Brotherhood and Jamaat-i Islami, believe that an Islamic state is necessary to the development of an Islamic social order. Many thinkers have studied in the West and are open to dialogue with the West and commitment to a common struggle for the causes of humanity. They have examined the impact of European imperialism, Western neocolonialism, exploitation by socialist-bloc countries, the Cold War, the displacement of Palestinians, the lack of democracy in the Muslim world, and other crisis factors. Most Muslim thinkers today stress the importance of justice, especially social justice, in Islam. A Universal Islamic Declaration of Human Rights has been propounded, next to that of the United Nations. Increasing attention is also being given to subjects such as women and gender, the family, religious freedom, pluralism, the status of minorities, and religious tolerance. Islam is increasingly emphasized as a total way of life, encompassing both religious and worldly issues. Human beings are seen as God's stewards on earth, and the Muslim community is intended to reflect God's will. In this view, secularism is often rejected as being antithetical to religious values. Instead, Islam is presented as perfectly suited for human society, individually and collectively.

== Sources ==

* [[oxford islamic studies]]
* [[‘Ali Asghar Ridwani, The Uprising of Ashura and Responses to Doubts]]

== References ==

Main Page

2023-02-22T08:39:58Z

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{{mainpage/top
| color = fff
| link 1 = [[Literature]]
| link 2 = [[Geography]]
| link 3 = [[Art]]
| link 4 = [[History]]
| link 5 = [[Religions and Denominations]]
| link 6 = [[An Enchanted Modern|Cultural Studies]]
}}
<div class="portal-container-4">
{{Featured Index
| class = portal-column-2-4
| style = grid-column-start: 1; grid-column-end: span 2; grid-row-start: 1; grid-row-end: span 2;
| image=Al-Hurr ibn Yazid(2).jpg
| imagesize = 250px
| text = The first meeting between [[Horr|Horr B. Yazid al-Riahi al-Yarbuʾi al-Tamimi]] and Imam Hussain was not hostile. However, Horr pressed upon Hussain to change his course and follow him, even after the latter had informed him of the letters of support, he had received from the Kufans, towards whom his party was heading. Horr further obeyed Ibn-e Ziad’s subsequent order to force the rebels to stop in a deserted area. Thus, Hussain was led to the plain of Karbala, where he was encircled by the troops dispatched by Ibn-e Ziad under the command of ʿOmar b. Saʿd. Once the latter had rejected Hussain’s final proposals and decided to fight him on the morning of Ashura, 10 Muharram 61/10 October 680, Horr then repented and joined Hussain, who promised him God’s forgiveness.
[[Horr B. Yazid al-Riahi al-Yarbuʾi al-Tamimi|Full Article...]]
}}
{{did you know
| class = portal-column-2-4
| style = grid-column-start: 1; grid-column-end: span 2; gr id-row-start: 1; grid-row-end: span 2;
| image =Ta'ziya in Arba’een.jpg
| imagesize = 250px
| text =* [[Ali Asqar ibn Hussain|Who was the youngest martyr of Karbala?]]
* [[Arba’een#Historical_Background|When did the Ziarat Arba’een date back?]]
* [https://en.wikihussain.com/view/Hasan_B._%CA%BFAli_B._Abi_Taleb#Confronting_Mu.CA.BFawiya_Army Why did Imam Hasan abdicate the Caliphate to Muawiya?]
* [[Karbala#Karbala_Under_Wahhabi_Attack|How many people were killed during Wahhabis’ attack at Karbala?]]
* [[Ali_al-Akbar_ibn_al-Hussain#Commemoration_and_Shi.E2.80.99a_Rituals|In Ta’ziya (pictured), who is shown testing and training Ali al-Akbar before the Battle?]]
* [http://Shi%CA%BFa#Umayyad_and_Abbasid_Periods Is Ashura considered a day of fasting by Sunnis?]
* [[Ziara#Benefits_of_Ziara|How many of martyrs of Karbala were descendants of Banu Hashim?]]
}}
{{Featured
| class = portal-column-1-4
| style = grid-column-start: 3; grid-row-start: 1; grid-row-end: span 1;
| image =City of Karbala in Iraq.jpg
| imagesize = 300px
| text = [[Shahada]] {{vline}} [[Ahl Al-Bayt]] {{vline}} [[Karbala]] (pictured) {{vline}} [[Ta'ziya]] {{vline}} [[Ziara]] {{vline}} [[Fatima]]
}}
{{Works
| class = portal-column-1-4
| style = grid-column-start: 3; grid-row-start: 2; grid-row-end: span 3;
| image =
| imagesize = 200px
| text = The “[[Picture-storyteller Masters of Iran]]” was written by Hamid Reza Ardalan, musician and scholar of ritual arts of Iran, in thirty volumes. This work introduces thirty Pardekhans who are among the remaining generation of picture-storytellers.This book is the result of ten years of library research and field work of the author. Each volume of this series is around 25 picture pages and includes an introduction and analysis of one of the picture-storytellers. The book and CD, as a contribution to preserving ritual arts and oral heritage of Iran, have been published by “Farhagestan-e Honar” in both English and Persian languages.
[[Picture-storyteller Masters of Iran|Full Article...]]
}}
{{Path of Imam al-Husain|class = portal-column-1-4|style = grid-column-start: 4; grid-row-start: 1; grid-row-end: span 4;}}
</div>
{{CirclePersons
| image1 = Muslim b aqil.jpg
| title1 = [[Muslim b. ʿAqil b. Abi Talib|Muslim b. ʿAqil]]
| image2 = Abbas b ali.jpg
| title2 = [[Abbas B. ʿAli B. Abu Taleb|Abbas B. ʿAli]]
| image3 =Ali akbar2.jpg
| title3 = [[Ali al-Akbar ibn al-Hussain|Ali al-Akbar]]
| image4 = Ali asghar.jpg
| title4 = [[Ali Asqar ibn Hussain|Ali Al-Asqar]]
| image5 = Zaynab bint Ali.jpg
| title5 = [[Zaynab]]
}}
{{Featured art big
| image = Mirza ali khandan 10.jpg
| imagesize = 700px
| text = The curtain used by [[Mirza ali khandan|murshed Khandan]], is illustrated by Ostad Hossein Hamedani, and dates back more than 50 years. The length of the curtain (Parde) is about 4 metres, and is one of the largest of its kind. The Parde has many faces and gatherings painted upon it.
}}
{{Featured indexes
| main title = Indexes
| column 1 title = Individuals
| column 1 category 1 = Historical Characters
| column 1 category 2 = Ahl al-Bayt
| column 1 category 3 = Martyrs of Karbala
| column 1 category 4 =Scholars
| column 2 title = Periods and Historic Events
| column 2 category 1 = Battle of Karbala
| column 3 title = Rituals
| column 3 category 1 = Mourning Rituals
| column 3 category 2 = Ritual Dramatic Art
| column 4 title = Geographical Span
| column 4 category 1 =Places
| column 4 category 2 = Islamic Architecture
| column 5 title =Works
| column 5 category 1 =Written Works
|column 3 category 3=Ziarat|column 2 category 2=Sermons|column 3 category 4=Supplications|column 5 category 2=Books}}
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content: " (" counter(listitem, -moz-persian) " ";
content: " (" counter(listitem, persian) " ";
}

.hlist dd.hlist-last-child:after {
content: none;
}

.hlist dt.hlist-last-child:after {
content: none;
}

.hlist li.hlist-last-child:after {
content: none;
}

.hlist.inline {
display: inline;
}

.hlist.inline dl {
display: inline;
}

.hlist.inline ol {
display: inline;
}

.hlist.inline ul {
display: inline;
}

.plainlist ul {
line-height: inherit;
list-style: none none;
margin: 0;
}

.plainlist ul li {
margin-bottom: 0;
}

.wikitable.plainrowheaders th[scope=row] {
font-weight: normal;
text-align: right;
}

.wikitable td ul {
text-align: right;
}

.wikitable td ol {
text-align: right;
}

.wikitable td dl {
text-align: right;
}

.wikitable.hlist td ul {
text-align: inherit;
}

.wikitable.hlist td ol {
text-align: inherit;
}

.wikitable.hlist td dl {
text-align: inherit;
}

.navbox {
border: 1px solid #aaa;
width: 100%;
margin: auto;
clear: both;
font-size: 88%;
text-align: center;
padding: 1px;
background: #fdfdfd;
}

.navbox th {
background: #ccccff;
}

.navbox .hlist td dl {
padding: 0.125em 0;
}

.navbox .hlist td ol {
padding: 0.125em 0;
}

.navbox .hlist td ul {
padding: 0.125em 0;
}

.navbox td.hlist dl {
padding: 0.125em 0;
}

.navbox td.hlist ol {
padding: 0.125em 0;
}

.navbox td.hlist ul {
padding: 0.125em 0;
}

.navbox .navbar {
display: block;
font-size: 100%;
}

.navbox .collapseButton {
width: 6em;
}

.navbox-inner {
width: 100%;
}

.navbox-subgroup {
width: 100%;
background: #fdfdfd;
}

.navbox-subgroup .navbox-title {
background: #ddddff;
}

.navbox-subgroup .navbox-group {
background: #e6e6ff;
}

.navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow {
background: #e6e6ff;
}

.navbox-group {
padding: 0.25em 1em;
line-height: 1.5em;
text-align: center;
}

.navbox-title {
padding: 0.25em 1em;
line-height: 1.5em;
text-align: center;
background: #ccccff;
}

.navbox-title .navbar {
float: left;
text-align: right;
margin-left: 0.5em;
width: 6em;
}

.navbox-abovebelow {
padding: 0.25em 1em;
line-height: 1.5em;
text-align: center;
background: #ddddff;
}

th.navbox-group {
white-space: nowrap;
text-align: right;
background: #ddddff;
}

.navbox-list {
line-height: 1.8em;
border-color: #fdfdfd;
}

.navbox-even {
background: #f7f7f7;
}

.navbox-odd {
background: transparent;
}

table.navbox+table.navbox {
margin-top: -1px;
}

ol+table.navbox {
margin-top: 0.5em;
}

ul+table.navbox {
margin-top: 0.5em;
}

.navbar {
display: inline;
font-size: 88%;
font-weight: normal;
}

.navbar ul {
display: inline;
white-space: nowrap;
}

.navbar li {
word-spacing: -0.125em;
}

.navbar.mini li {
font-size: xx-small;
}

.nv-talk>a {
color: #002BB8;
}

.infobox {
border: 1px solid #aaa;
background-color: #f9f9f9;
color: black;
margin: 0.5em 1em 0.5em 0;
padding: 0.2em;
float: right;
clear: right;
text-align: left;
font-size: 88%;
line-height: 1.5em;
max-width: 30%;
}
[dir='rtl'] .infobox {
margin: 0.5em 1em 0.5em 0;
padding: 0.2em;
float: left;
text-align: right;
}
.infobox .navbar {
font-size: 100%;
}

.infobox caption {
font-size: 125%;
font-weight: bold;
}

.infobox td {
min-width: 60px;
vertical-align: top;
}

.infobox th {
min-width: 60px;
vertical-align: top;
}

.collapseButton {
float: right;
font-weight: normal;
margin-right: 0.5em;
text-align: left;
width: auto;
}

.infobox.bordered {
border-collapse: collapse;
}

.infobox.bordered td {
border: 1px solid #aaa;
}

.infobox.bordered th {
border: 1px solid #aaa;
}

.infobox.bordered .borderless td {
border: 0;
}

.infobox.bordered .borderless th {
border: 0;
}

.infobox.bordered .mergedtoprow td {
border: 0;
border-top: 1px solid #aaa;
border-left: 1px solid #aaa;
}

.infobox.bordered .mergedtoprow th {
border: 0;
border-top: 1px solid #aaa;
border-left: 1px solid #aaa;
}

.infobox.bordered .mergedrow td {
border: 0;
border-left: 1px solid #aaa;
}

.infobox.bordered .mergedrow th {
border: 0;
border-left: 1px solid #aaa;
}

.infobox.sisterproject {
width: 20em;
font-size: 90%;
}

.infobox.standard-talk {
border: 1px solid #c0c090;
background-color: #f8eaba;
}

.infobox.standard-talk.bordered td {
border: 1px solid #c0c090;
}

.infobox.standard-talk.bordered th {
border: 1px solid #c0c090;
}

.infobox.geography {
text-align: right;
border-collapse: collapse;
line-height: 1.2em;
font-size: 90%;
}

.infobox.geography caption {
line-height: 1.6em;
}

.infobox.geography td {
border-top: 1px solid #aaa;
padding: 0.4em 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em;
}

.infobox.geography th {
border-top: 1px solid #aaa;
padding: 0.4em 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em;
}

.infobox.geography .mergedtoprow td {
border-top: 1px solid #aaa;
padding: 0.4em 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em;
}

.infobox.geography .mergedtoprow th {
border-top: 1px solid #aaa;
padding: 0.4em 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em;
}

.infobox.geography .mergedrow td {
border: 0;
padding: 0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em;
}

.infobox.geography .mergedrow th {
border: 0;
padding: 0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em;
}

.infobox.geography .mergedbottomrow td {
border-top: 0;
border-bottom: 1px solid #aaa;
padding: 0 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em;
}

.infobox.geography .mergedbottomrow th {
border-top: 0;
border-bottom: 1px solid #aaa;
padding: 0 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em;
}

.infobox.geography .maptable td {
border: 0;
padding: 0;
}

.infobox.geography .maptable th {
border: 0;
padding: 0;
}

.notice {
margin: 1em;
padding: 0.2em;
}

#disambig {
border-top: 1px solid #ccc;
border-bottom: 1px solid #ccc;
}

.spoiler {
border-top: 2px solid #ddd;
border-bottom: 2px solid #ddd;
}

.Talk-Notice {
border: 1px solid #C0C090;
background-color: #F8EABA;
margin-bottom: 3px;
width: 85%;
border-spacing: 3px;
margin-right: auto;
margin-left: auto;
}

.Talk-Notice:after {
content: "The CSS for this template should be changed. See [[Wikipedia:Template Standardisation]].";
}

.Talk-Notice td {
background: inherit;
}

.notice-text {
font-family: inherit;
}

.toggle-box {
font-family: inherit;
}

.red-button {
font-family: inherit;
}

.goal {
font-family: inherit;
}

div.red-button {
font-family: inherit;
}

div.siteNoticeSmall {
font-family: inherit;
}

div#siteNotice {
font-family: inherit;
}

DIV.siteNoticeSmall {
font-size: 15pt;
}

table.InChI {
border: 1px solid #aaa;
display: none;
speak: none;
}

table.persondata {
border: 1px solid #aaa;
display: none;
speak: none;
}

.InChI-label {
color: #aaa;
}

.persondata-label {
color: #aaa;
}

.redirect-in-category {
font-style: italic;
}

.allpagesredirect {
font-style: italic;
}

div.listenlist {
background: url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/3f/Gnome_speakernotes_30px.png");
padding-right: 40px;
}

div.videolist {
background: url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Tango-video-x-generic.png/40px-Tango-video-x-generic.png");
padding-right: 50px;
}

div.multivideolist {
background: url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Tango-video-x-generic.png/40px-Tango-video-x-generic.png");
padding-right: 50px;
}

div.medialist {
min-height: 50px;
margin: 1em;
background-position: top right;
background-repeat: no-repeat;
}

div.medialist ul {
list-style-type: none;
list-style-image: none;
margin: 0;
}

div.medialist ul li {
padding-bottom: 0.5em;
}

div.medialist ul li li {
font-size: 91%;
padding-bottom: 0;
}

div#mw_content a[href$=".pdf"].external {
background: url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/23/Icons-mini-file_acrobat.gif") no-repeat left;
padding-left: 18px;
}

div#mw_content a[href*=".pdf?"].external {
background: url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/23/Icons-mini-file_acrobat.gif") no-repeat left;
padding-left: 18px;
}

div#mw_content a[href*=".pdf#"].external {
background: url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/23/Icons-mini-file_acrobat.gif") no-repeat left;
padding-left: 18px;
}

div#mw_content a[href$=".PDF"].external {
background: url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/23/Icons-mini-file_acrobat.gif") no-repeat left;
padding-left: 18px;
}

div#mw_content a[href*=".PDF?"].external {
background: url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/23/Icons-mini-file_acrobat.gif") no-repeat left;
padding-left: 18px;
}

div#mw_content a[href*=".PDF#"].external {
background: url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/23/Icons-mini-file_acrobat.gif") no-repeat left;
padding-left: 18px;
}

span.PDFlink a {
background: url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/23/Icons-mini-file_acrobat.gif") center left no-repeat !important;
padding-left: 18px !important;
}

span.geolink a {
background: url(//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/a/a7/Monobook-globe.png) center left no-repeat !important;
padding-left: 11px !important;
}

div.columns-2 div.column {
float: left;
width: 50%;
min-width: 300px;
}

div.columns-3 div.column {
float: left;
width: 33.3%;
min-width: 200px;
}

div.columns-4 div.column {
float: left;
width: 25%;
min-width: 150px;
}

div.columns-5 div.column {
float: left;
width: 20%;
min-width: 120px;
}

.plainlinksneverexpand {
background: none ! important;
padding: 0 ! important;
}

.plainlinksneverexpand .urlexpansion {
display: none ! important;
}

.plainlinksneverexpand a {
background: none !important;
padding: 0 !important;
}

.plainlinksneverexpand a.external.text:after {
display: none !important;
}

.plainlinksneverexpand a.external.autonumber:after {
display: none !important;
}

.messagebox {
border: 1px solid #aaa;
background-color: #f9f9f9;
width: 80%;
margin: 0 auto 1em auto;
padding: .2em;
}

.messagebox.merge {
border: 1px solid #c0b8cc;
background-color: #f0e5ff;
text-align: center;
}

.messagebox.cleanup {
border: 1px solid #9f9fff;
background-color: #efefff;
text-align: center;
}

.messagebox.standard-talk {
border: 1px solid #c0c090;
background-color: #f8eaba;
}

.messagebox.nested-talk {
border: 1px solid #c0c090;
background-color: #f8eaba;
width: 100%;
margin: 2px 4px 2px 4px;
}

.messagebox.small {
width: 238px;
font-size: 85%;
float: right;
clear: both;
margin: 0 0 1em 1em;
line-height: 1.25em;
}

.messagebox.small-talk {
width: 238px;
font-size: 85%;
float: right;
clear: both;
margin: 0 0 1em 1em;
line-height: 1.25em;
background: #F8EABA;
}

table.ambox {
margin: 0px 10%;
border: 1px solid #aaa;
border-right: 10px solid #1e90ff;
background: #fbfbfb;
}

table.ambox+table.ambox {
margin-top: -1px;
}

.ambox th.mbox-text {
padding: 0.25em 0.5em;
}

.ambox td.mbox-text {
padding: 0.25em 0.5em;
}

.ambox td.mbox-image {
padding: 2px 0.5em 2px 0;
}

.ambox td.mbox-imageright {
padding: 2px 0 2px 0.5em;
}

table.ambox-notice {
border-right: 10px solid #1e90ff;
}

table.ambox-speedy {
border-right: 10px solid #b22222;
background: #fee;
}

table.ambox-delete {
border-right: 10px solid #b22222;
}

table.ambox-content {
border-right: 10px solid #f28500;
}

table.ambox-style {
border-right: 10px solid #f4c430;
}

table.ambox-move {
border-right: 10px solid #9932cc;
}

table.ambox-protection {
border-right: 10px solid #bba;
}

table.imbox {
margin: 4px 10%;
border-collapse: collapse;
border: 3px solid #1e90ff;
background: #fbfbfb;
}

.imbox .mbox-text .imbox {
margin: 0 -0.5em;
display: block;
}

.mbox-inside .imbox {
margin: 4px;
}

.mbox-inside .tmbox.mbox-small {
line-height: 1.5em;
font-size: 100%;
}

table.imbox-notice {
border: 3px solid #1e90ff;
}

table.imbox-speedy {
border: 3px solid #b22222;
background: #fee;
}

table.imbox-delete {
border: 3px solid #b22222;
}

table.imbox-content {
border: 3px solid #f28500;
}

table.imbox-style {
border: 3px solid #f4c430;
}

table.imbox-move {
border: 3px solid #9932cc;
}

table.imbox-protection {
border: 3px solid #bba;
}

table.imbox-license {
border: 3px solid #88a;
background: #f7f8ff;
}

table.imbox-featured {
border: 3px solid #ffaa66;
}

table.cmbox {
margin: 3px 10%;
border-collapse: collapse;
border: 1px solid #aaa;
background: #DFE8FF;
}

table.cmbox-notice {
background: #D8E8FF;
}

table.cmbox-speedy {
margin-top: 4px;
margin-bottom: 4px;
border: 4px solid #b22222;
background: #FFDBDB;
}

table.cmbox-delete {
background: #FFDBDB;
}

table.cmbox-content {
background: #FFE7CE;
}

table.cmbox-style {
background: #FFF9DB;
}

table.cmbox-move {
background: #E4D8FF;
}

table.cmbox-protection {
background: #EFEFE1;
}

table.ombox {
margin: 4px 10%;
border-collapse: collapse;
border: 1px solid #aaa;
background: #f9f9f9;
}

table.ombox-notice {
border: 1px solid #aaa;
}

table.ombox-speedy {
border: 2px solid #b22222;
background: #fee;
}

table.ombox-delete {
border: 2px solid #b22222;
}

table.ombox-content {
border: 1px solid #f28500;
}

table.ombox-style {
border: 1px solid #f4c430;
}

table.ombox-move {
border: 1px solid #9932cc;
}

table.ombox-protection {
border: 2px solid #bba;
}

table.tmbox {
margin: 4px 10%;
border-collapse: collapse;
border: 1px solid #c0c090;
background: #f8eaba;
}

.mediawiki .mbox-inside .tmbox {
margin: 2px 0;
width: 100%;
}

table.tmbox-speedy {
border: 2px solid #b22222;
background: #fee;
}

table.tmbox-delete {
border: 2px solid #b22222;
}

table.tmbox-content {
border: 2px solid #f28500;
}

table.tmbox-style {
border: 2px solid #f4c430;
}

table.tmbox-move {
border: 2px solid #9932cc;
}

table.tmbox-protection {
border: 1px solid #c0c090;
}

table.tmbox-notice {
border: 1px solid #c0c090;
}

table.dmbox {
clear: both;
margin: 0.9em 1em;
border-top: 1px solid #ccc;
border-bottom: 1px solid #ccc;
background: transparent;
}

table.fmbox {
clear: both;
margin: 0.2em 0;
width: 100%;
border: 1px solid #aaa;
background: #f9f9f9;
}

table.fmbox-system {
background: #f9f9f9;
}

table.fmbox-warning {
border: 1px solid #bb7070;
background: #ffdbdb;
}

table.fmbox-editnotice {
background: transparent;
}

div.mw-warning-with-logexcerpt {
clear: both;
margin: 0.2em 0;
border: 1px solid #bb7070;
background: #ffdbdb;
padding: 0.25em 0.9em;
}

div.mw-lag-warn-high {
clear: both;
margin: 0.2em 0;
border: 1px solid #bb7070;
background: #ffdbdb;
padding: 0.25em 0.9em;
}

div.mw-cascadeprotectedwarning {
clear: both;
margin: 0.2em 0;
border: 1px solid #bb7070;
background: #ffdbdb;
padding: 0.25em 0.9em;
}

div#mw-protect-cascadeon {
clear: both;
margin: 0.2em 0;
border: 1px solid #bb7070;
background: #ffdbdb;
padding: 0.25em 0.9em;
}

div.mw-lag-warn-normal {
clear: both;
margin: 0.2em 0;
border: 1px solid #aaa;
background: #f9f9f9;
padding: 0.25em 0.9em;
}

div.fmbox-system {
clear: both;
margin: 0.2em 0;
border: 1px solid #aaa;
background: #f9f9f9;
padding: 0.25em 0.9em;
}

body.mediawiki table.mbox-small {
clear: right;
float: right;
margin: 4px 1em 4px 0;
width: 238px;
font-size: 88%;
line-height: 1.25em;
}

body.mediawiki table.mbox-small-right {
margin: 4px 0 4px 1em;
width: 238px;
border-collapse: collapse;
font-size: 88%;
line-height: 1.25em;
}

#file img {
background: url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5d/Checker-16x16.png") repeat;
}

#wpSave {
font-weight: bold;
}

.hiddenStructure {
display: inline ! important;
color: #f00;
background-color: #0f0;
}

.check-icon a.new {
display: none;
speak: none;
}

.nounderlines a {
text-decoration: none;
}

.IPA a:link {
text-decoration: none;
}

.IPA a:visited {
text-decoration: none;
}

#EnWpMpBook {
background-image: url(//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/7/7e/MP-open-book.png);
}

#EnWpMpSearch {
background: url(//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/a/ae/MP-magnifying-glass.png) no-repeat top left;
}

#EnWpMpSearchInner {
float: right;
width: 20em;
text-align: center;
}

#EnWpMpBook2 {
background-image: url(//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8e/MP-open-book2.png);
}

div.Boxmerge {
margin: 0px;
padding: 4px;
border: 1px solid #aaa;
text-align: center;
border-collapse: collapse;
font-size: 95%;
}

div.Boxmerge div.NavFrame {
border-style: none;
border-style: hidden;
}

div.NavFrame {
margin: 0px;
padding: 4px;
border: 1px solid #aaa;
text-align: center;
border-collapse: collapse;
font-size: 95%;
position: relative;
}

div.NavFrame+div.NavFrame {
border-top-style: none;
border-top-style: hidden;
}

div.NavFrame div.NavHead {
height: 1.6em;
font-weight: bold;
background-color: #ccf;
position: relative;
}

div.NavFrame div.NavHead:hover {
background-color: #aaf;
}

div.NavFrame p {
font-size: 100%;
}

div.NavFrame div.NavContent {
font-size: 100%;
}

div.NavFrame div.NavContent p {
font-size: 100%;
}

div.NavPic {
background-color: #fff;
margin: 0px;
padding: 2px;
float: left;
position: relative;
}

body[class*="_صفحه_تمرین"] #firstHeading::after {
color: gray;
content: "توجه:این صفحه بخشی از دانشنامه نیست و صرفاً جهت ویرایش آزمایشی در ویکی‌پدیا کاربرد دارد.";
float: right;
width: 40%;
font-size: 40%;
}

div.NavEnd {
margin: 0px;
padding: 0px;
line-height: 1px;
clear: both;
}

a.NavToggle {
position: absolute;
top: 0px;
left: 3px;
font-weight: normal;
font-size: smaller;
}

.rellink {
font-style: italic;
}

.rellink i {
font-style: normal;
}

.dablink {
font-style: italic;
padding-right: 2em;
}

.dablink i {
font-style: normal;
}

.hatnote {
font-style: italic;
}

.hatnote i {
font-style: normal;
}

div.rellink {
padding-right: 1.6em;
margin-bottom: 0.5em;
}

div.dablink {
padding-right: 1.6em;
margin-bottom: 0.5em;
}

div.hatnote {
padding-right: 1.6em;
margin-bottom: 0.5em;
}

span.updatedmarker {
background-color: transparent;
color: #006400;
}

.mw-plusminus-pos {
color: #006400;
}

.mw-plusminus-neg {
color: #8B0000;
}

.horizontal ul {
padding: 0;
margin: 0;
}

.horizontal li {
padding: 0 0.6em 0 0.4em;
display: inline;
border-left: 1px solid;
}

.geo-default {
display: inline;
}

.geo-nondefault {
display: none;
}

.geo-dms {
display: inline;
}

.geo-dec {
display: inline;
}

.geo-multi-punct {
display: none;
}

.longitude .latitude {
white-space: nowrap;
}

.nonumtoc .tocnumber {
display: none;
}

.nonumtoc #toc ul {
line-height: 1.5em;
list-style: none;
margin: .3em 0 0;
padding: 0;
}

.nonumtoc #toc ul ul {
margin: 0 0 0 2em;
}

.nonumtoc .toc ul {
line-height: 1.5em;
list-style: none;
margin: .3em 0 0;
padding: 0;
}

.nonumtoc .toc ul ul {
margin: 0 0 0 2em;
}

.toclimit-2 .toclevel-2 {
display: none;
}

.toclimit-3 .toclevel-3 {
display: none;
}

.toclimit-4 .toclevel-4 {
display: none;
}

.toclimit-5 .toclevel-5 {
display: none;
}

.toclimit-6 .toclevel-6 {
display: none;
}

.toclimit-7 .toclevel-7 {
display: none;
}

.listify {
margin-left: 0;
margin-right: 2em;
}

.listify td {
display: list-item;
}

.listify tr {
display: block;
}

.listify table {
display: block;
}

blockquote.templatequote {
margin-top: 0;
}

blockquote.templatequote div.templatequotecite {
line-height: 1em;
text-align: right;
padding-right: 2em;
margin-top: 0;
}

blockquote.templatequote div.templatequotecite cite {
font-size: 85%;
}

div.user-block {
padding: 5px;
border: 1px solid #A9A9A9;
background-color: #FFEFD5;
}

.nowraplinks a {
white-space: nowrap;
}

span.texhtml {
white-space: nowrap;
direction: ltr;
unicode-bidi: bidi-override;
}

.template-documentation {
clear: both;
margin: 1em 0 0 0;
border: 1px solid #aaa;
background-color: #ecfcf4;
padding: 5px;
}

.thumbinner {
min-width: 100px;
}

th.mbox-text {
border: none;
padding: 0.25em 0.9em;
width: 100%;
}

td.mbox-text {
border: none;
padding: 0.25em 0.9em;
width: 100%;
}

td.mbox-image {
border: none;
padding: 2px 0.9em 2px 0px;
text-align: center;
}

td.mbox-imageright {
border: none;
padding: 2px 0px 2px 0.9em;
text-align: center;
}

.mw-tag-markers {
font-style: italic;
font-size: 90%;
}

.NavToggle {
position: relative;
}

.mw-hierotable {
border: 0px;
padding: 0px;
}

.mw-hierotable th {
border: 0px;
padding: 0px;
}

.mw-hierotable td {
border: 0px;
padding: 0px;
}

.hierotable-mw {
border: 0px;
padding: 0px;
}

.hierotable mw-th {
border: 0px;
padding: 0px;
}

.hierotable mw-td {
border: 0px;
padding: 0px;
}

div.thumb img.thumbimage {
background-color: #fff;
}

.globegris {
background: url(//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/10/Wikipedia-logo-v2-200px-transparent.png);
}

.prefsection fieldset {
float: left;
}

.b {
text-align: center;
text-align-last: center;
-moz-text-align-last: center;
-webkit-text-align-last: center;
text-justify: kashida;
border: 0;
}

.beyt {
white-space: nowrap;
line-height: 2rem;
}

.nastaliq {
line-height: 200%;
font-size: 150%;
font-family: IranNastaliq;
text-justify: inter-word;
font-weight: normal;
}

.nastaliq .b {
text-justify: inter-word;
}

#mw-hidden-catlinks {
display: none;
font-size: 87% !important;
}

#wpFilterRules {
direction: ltr;
}

.comment>span {
unicode-bidi: normal;
}

#wpUploadDescription {
height: 25em;
}

.mycomment {
background: #ff9;
}

.transborder {
border: solid transparent;
}

* html .transborder {
border: solid #000001;
filter: chroma(color=#000001);
}

#mw-edittools-charinsert {
display: none;
}

#mw-subcategories ul {
list-style: none none;
margin-left: 0.25em;
}

.CategoryTreeChildren {
margin-left: 1.25em;
}

.CategoryTreeToggle {
color: #0645AD;
}

.CategoryTreeEmptyBullet {
color: #C0C0C0;
}

ul.interProject {
list-style: none;
padding-right: 0;
margin-right: 0;
}

li.interProject {
background-repeat: no-repeat;
background-position: right center;
padding-right: 18px;
margin-right: 0;
}

#mw-panel {
margin-top: 1.5rem;
}

#mw-panel div.portal h3 {
color: #555;
}

#mw-panel div.portal div.body ul.interProject li.interProject {
background-repeat: no-repeat;
background-position: right center;
padding-right: 18px;
margin-right: 0;
}

div.vectorTabs {
border-left: 1px solid #c9c9c9;
padding: 0;
background-image: none;
background-image: linear-gradient(#ffffff 2%, #f6f6f6 100%);
}

div.vectorTabs ul {
background-image: none;
background-image: linear-gradient(#ffffff 2%, #f6f6f6 100%);
}

div.vectorTabs ul li {
border-right: 1px solid #c9c9c9;
border-bottom: 1px solid #c9c9c9;
background-image: none;
background: #eee;
background-image: linear-gradient(#ffffff 2%, #eee 100%);
position: relative;
top: -1px;
}

div.vectorTabs ul li span,
div.vectorTabs ul li a {
background-image: none;
}

div.vectorTabs ul li.selected {
border-bottom: 1px solid #fff;
}

.mw-fr-reviewlink {
font-weight: normal;
font-size: smaller;
}

.fr-hist-basic-user {
font-weight: normal;
font-size: smaller;
}

.fr-hist-basic-auto {
font-weight: normal;
font-size: smaller;
}

#bodyContent .letterhead {
background-image: url('//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e0/Tan-page-corner.png');
background-repeat: no-repeat;
padding: 2em;
background-color: #faf9f2;
}

.portal-column-left {
float: right;
width: 50%;
}

.portal-column-right {
float: left;
width: 49%;
}

.portal-column-left-wide {
float: right;
width: 60%;
}

.portal-column-right-narrow {
float: left;
width: 39%;
}

.portal-column-left-extra-wide {
float: right;
width: 70%;
}

.portal-column-right-extra-narrow {
float: left;
width: 29%;
}

.ui-dialog {
right: auto;
}

.inputbox-hidecheckboxes form .inputbox-element {
display: none !important;
}

body.ns-8 {
direction: ltr;
}

body.ns-8>* {
direc tion: rtl;
}

.highlight {
text-shadow: 0 -1px;
font-weight: inherit !important;
}

.mp-box {
padding: 0.5rem 1rem;
box-sizing: border-box;
mar gin: 0.5rem auto;
border: none;
-webkit-border-radius: 6px;
-moz-border-radius: 6px;
border-radius: 6px;
overflow: hidden;
}

.mp-box h2 {
margin: 0 0 0.25rem;
border-bottom: none;
padding: 0.5rem 0;
}

.mp-top {
text-align: center;
padding: 1rem;
margin: 0 0 10px;
}

.mp-top p {
font-size: 1.5rem;
}

.mp-top ul {
list-style: none;
}

.mp-top ul li {
display: inline-block;
margin-left: 1rem;
}

.mp-top ul li span {
font-size: 1.5rem;
vertical-align: sub;
display: inline-block;
/* float: left;
overflow: hidden;*/
clear: both;
margin: 4px 4px 0;
}

[dir='rtl'] .mp-top ul li span {
/* float: right; */
}

.mp-featured .image-container {
width: 100%;
text-align: center;
display: block;
}

.mp-featured .image-container img {
display: inline-block;
height: auto;
-webkit-border-radius: 6px;
-moz-border-radius: 6px;
border-radius: 6px;
}

.mp-featured .text {
display: inline-block;
width: 100%;
text-align: justify;
word-spacing: -2px;
}

.mp-featured .text ul li:not(.mw-empty-elt) {
width: 50%;
}

.mp-featured .text ul li:not(.mw-empty-elt):nth-child(even) {
float: left;
clear: left;
}

.mp-featured .text ul li:not(.mw-empty-elt):nth-child(odd) {
float: right;
}

.mp-featured-article {
width: 56%;
clear: both;
float: left;
}

.mp-featured-article img {
float: left;
display: inline-block;
height: auto;
margin: 0 1rem 0 0;
max-width: 142px;
-webkit-border-radius: 6px;
-moz-border-radius: 6px;
border-radius: 6px;
}

.mp-featured-article .text {
float: left;
display: inline-block;
width: 100%;
text-align: justify;
}

.mp-featured-article ul {
list-style-position: inside;
}

.mp-featured-index {
overflow: hidden;
}

.mp-featured-index .image {
width: 100%;
text-align: center;
display: block;
}

.mp-featured-index .image img {
float: left;
display: inline-block;
height: auto;
margin: 0 1rem 0 0;
-webkit-border-radius: 6px;
-moz-border-radius: 6px;
border-radius: 6px;
}
[dir='rtl'] .mp-featured-index .image img {
float: right;
margin: 0 0 0 1rem;
}
.mp-featured-index .text {
float: left;
display: inline-block;
width: 100%;
text-align: justify;
}

.mp-featured-index ul {
list-style-position: inside;
}

.mp-dyk img {
float: right;
display: inline-block;
height: auto;
margin: 0 0 0 1rem;
-webkit-border-radius: 6px;
-moz-border-radius: 6px;
border-radius: 6px;
}
[dir='rtl'] .mp-dyk img {
float: left;
margin: 0 1rem 0 0;
}
.mp-dyk div.text,
.mp-dyk p.text {
float: left;
display: inline-block;
width: 100%;
text-align: justify;
}

.mp-works img {
float: right;
display: inline-block;
height: auto;
margin: 0 0 0 1rem;
-webkit-border-radius: 6px;
-moz-border-radius: 6px;
border-radius: 6px;
}

[dir='rtl'] .mp-works img {
float: left;
margin: 0 1rem 0 0;
}

.mp-works .text {
display: inline-block;
width: 100%;
white-space: pre-line;
text-align: justify;
word-spacing: -2px;
}

.mp-featured-bio {
width: 43%;
clear: right;
float: right;
}

.mp-featured-bio img {
float: right;
display: inline-block;
height: auto;
margin: 0 0 1rem 1rem;
}

.mp-featured-bio .text {
float: left;
display: inline-block;
width: 100%;
white-space: pre-line;
text-align: justify;
word-spacing: -2px;
}

.mp-circle-person {
clear: both;
min-height: 0 !important;
}

.mp-circle-person .circle-person-item {
width: 20%;
float: left;
text-align: center;
padding: 1rem;
-webkit-box-sizing: border-box;
-moz-box-sizing: border-box;
box-sizing: border-box;
}
[dir='rtl'] .mp-circle-person .circle-person-item {
float: right;
}
.mp-circle-person .circle-person-item .image-container a {
width: 100px;
height: 100px;
overflow: hidden;
position: relative;
display: inline-block;
-webkit-border-radius: 50%;
-moz-border-radius: 50%;
border-radius: 50%;
}

.mp-circle-person .circle-person-item .image-container a img {
float: right;
max-width: 100%;
display: inline-block;
height: auto;
margin: 0 1rem 1rem 0;
position: absolute;
top: 50%;
left: 50%;
-webkit-transform: translate(-50%, -50%);
-moz-transform: translate(-50%, -50%);
-ms-transform: translate(-50%, -50%);
-o-transform: translate(-50%, -50%);
transform: translate(-50%, -50%);
}

.mp-circle-person .circle-person-item .title {
float: left;
display: inline-block;
width: 100%;
white-space: pre-line;
word-spacing: -2px;
}

.mp-yadbood {
width: 43%;
float: right;
}

.mp-yadbood h2 {
margin-top: 0;
}

.mp-yadbood .mp-yadbood-item {
clear: both;
margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
overflow: hidden;
}

.mp-yadbood .mp-yadbood-item a.image {
height: 100px;
overflow: hidden;
}

.mp-yadbood .mp-yadbood-item img {
float: right;
width: 20%;
display: inline-block;
height: auto;
margin: 0 0 1rem 1rem;
}

.mp-yadbood .mp-yadbood-item .text {
float: left;
display: inline-block;
width: 78%;
margin: 0;
white-space: pre-line;
}

.mp-about {
width: 56%;
clear: both;
float: left;
}

.mp-about .text {
white-space: pre-line;
}

.mp-book {
width: 43%;
float: right;
}

.mp-book img {
float: right;
width: 30%;
display: inline-block;
height: auto;
margin: 0 0 1rem 1rem;
}

.mp-book .text {
float: left;
display: inline-block;
white-space: pre-line;
}

.mp-gallery {
clear: both;
width: 100%;
}

.mp-gallery img {
float: left;
width: 50%;
display: inline-block;
height: auto;
}

.mp-gallery .text {
float: right;
width: 50%;
display: inline-block;
height: auto;
white-space: pre-line;
padding: 1rem;
box-sizing: border-box;
}

.mp-featured-art {
clear: both;
width: 100%;
padding: 1rem;
}

.mp-featured-art.fluid .image {
width: 100%;
text-align: center;
display: block;
}

.mp-featured-art.fluid .image img {
width: initial;
float: none;
}

.mp-featured-art.fluid .text {
width: 100%;
padding: 1rem 0 0;
}

.mp-featured-art .image {
float: left;
margin-right: 1rem;
}
[dir='rtl'] .mp-featured-art .image {
float: right;
margin-left: 1rem;
margin-right: auto;
}

.mp-featured-art .image img {
display: inline-block;
height: auto;
-webkit-border-radius: 6px;
-moz-border-radius: 6px;
border-radius: 6px;
}

.mp-featured-art .text {
float: left;
display: inline-block;
height: auto;
padding: 0 1rem;
box-sizing: border-box;
}

.mp-bottom {
clear: both;
width: 100%;
overflow: hidden;
font-size: 14px;
}

.mp-bottom .mp-bottom-column {
width: 19%;
float: left;
margin: 0.5%;
}

[dir='rtl'] .mp-bottom .mp-bottom-column {
float: right;
}

.mp-bottom .mp-bottom-column .mp-bottom-column-title {
text-align: center;
background: #F1F1F1;
padding: 6px 10px;
border-radius: 5px;
font-weight: bold;
font-size: inherit;
}

.mp-bottom .mp-bottom-column .mp-bottom-column-title span {
text-align: center;
background: #eee;
border-radius: 5px;
font-weight: bold;
}

.mp-bottom .mp-bottom-column ul {
list-style: none;
margin: 5px auto;
}

.mp-bottom .mp-bottom-column ul li {
margin: 10px 0;
}

.highlight-title-yellow span,
.highlight-title-green span {
position: relative;
padding: 0 10px;
}

.highlight-title-yellow span:before,
.highlight-title-green span:before {
content: '';
position: absolute;
left: 0;
bottom: 0;
right: 0;
z-index: 0;
-webkit-border-radius: 30px;
-moz-border-radius: 30px;
border-radius: 30px;
border: 5px solid rgba(255, 255, 0, 0.3);
}

.highlight-title-yellow span:before {
border: 5px solid rgba(255, 255, 0, 0.3);
}

.highlight-title-green span:before {
border: 5px solid rgba(0, 255, 0, 0.3);
}

.box-full {
border: 4px solid #7B3F00;
padding: 0;
border-radius: 6px;
box-sizing: border-box;
background-color: #ffffff;
width: 100%;
padding: 0 1rem .5rem;
overflow: hidden;
}

.box-full h2 {
margin-top: 0;
margin-bottom: 10px;
border: 0;
background: #7B3F00;
padding: 3px 6px 10px;
color: #F8EABA;
font-size: 1.15rem;
text-align: center;
}

.box-full p.text {
padding: 4px 13px 6px;
font-size: .85rem;
word-spacing: -1px;
line-height: 1.5rem;
white-space: pre-line;
}

.box-full>h2 {
margin: 0 -1rem;
}

.box-55 {
border: 4px solid #7B3F00;
padding: 0;
border-radius: 6px;
box-sizing: border-box;
background-color: #ffffff;
width: 54%;
}

.box-55 h2 {
margin-top: 0;
margin-bottom: 10px;
border: 0;
background: #7B3F00;
padding: 3px 6px 10px;
color: #F8EABA;
font-size: 1.15rem;
}

.box-55 p.text {
padding: 4px 13px 6px;
font-size: .85rem;
word-spacing: -1px;
line-height: 1.5rem;
white-space: pre-line;
}

.box-45 {
border: 4px solid #7B3F00;
padding: 0;
border-radius: 6px;
box-sizing: border-box;
background-color: #ffffff;
width: 44%;
}

.box-45 h2 {
margin-top: 0;
margin-bottom: 10px;
border: 0;
background: #7B3F00;
padding: 3px 6px 10px;
color: #F8EABA;
font-size: 1.15rem;
}

.box-45 p.text {
padding: 4px 13px 6px;
font-size: .85rem;
word-spacing: -1px;
line-height: 1.5rem;
white-space: pre-line;
}

.box-33 {
border: 4px solid #7B3F00;
padding: 0;
border-radius: 6px;
box-sizing: border-box;
background-color: #ffffff;
width: 32%;
float: left;
margin: 1%;
}

.box-33 h2 {
margin-top: 0;
margin-bottom: 10px;
border: 0;
background: #7B3F00;
padding: 3px 6px 10px;
color: #F8EABA;
font-size: 1.15rem;
}

.box-33 p.text {
padding: 4px 13px 6px;
font-size: .85rem;
word-spacing: -1px;
line-height: 1.5rem;
white-space: pre-line;
}

.box-33:first-of-type {
margin-right: 0;
}

.box-33:last-of-type {
margin-left: 0;
}

.box-33 .text .image {
display: block;
text-align: center;
margin-bottom: 1rem;
}

.box-45-pic-mini {
border: 4px solid #7B3F00;
padding: 0;
border-radius: 6px;
box-sizing: border-box;
background-color: #ffffff;
width: 44%;
}

.box-45-pic-mini h2 {
margin-top: 0;
margin-bottom: 10px;
border: 0;
background: #7B3F00;
padding: 3px 6px 10px;
color: #F8EABA;
font-size: 1.15rem;
}

.box-45-pic-mini p.text {
padding: 4px 13px 6px;
font-size: .85rem;
word-spacing: -1px;
line-height: 1.5rem;
white-space: pre-line;
}

.clearfix {
clear: both;
}

.clearfix::after {
display: block;
content: "";
clear: both;
}

.video-container video {
width: inherit;
height: auto;
}

.campaign-page .video-container video {
display: block;
margin-right: auto;
margin-left: auto;
margin-bottom: 3rem;
width: 100%;
height: auto;
}

.campaign-page .button-container {
text-align: center;
}

.campaign-page .button-container .buttons .button {
width: 25%;
padding: 20px 12px 18px;
display: inline-block;
font-size: 18px;
background: #588608;
margin: 0 4% 3rem;
color: #fff;
border-radius: 50px;
text-decoration: none;
}

.campaign-page .button-container .buttons .button:visited {
width: 25%;
padding: 20px 12px 18px;
display: inline-block;
font-size: 18px;
background: #588608;
margin: 0 4% 3rem;
color: #fff;
border-radius: 50px;
text-decoration: none;
}

.campaign-page .button-container .buttons .button:hover {
background: #436705;
}

.campaign-page .button-container .buttons .button:hover:focus {
background: #436705;
}

.campaign-page .button-container .buttons .button:hover:active {
background: #436705;
}

.campaign-page .button-container .buttons .button:hover:visited {
background: #436705;
}

.campaign-page .button-container .buttons .button:focus {
background: #436705;
}

.campaign-page .button-container .buttons .button:active {
background: #436705;
}

.mw-body {
border: 1px solid #c9c9c9;
}

body.page-Test div.vectorTabs,
body.page-Main_Page div.vectorTabs {
border-left: 1px solid #c9c9c9;
padding: 0;
background-image: none;
background-image: linear-gradient(#ffffff 2%, #f6f6f6 100%);
}

body.page-Test div.vectorTabs ul,
body.page-Main_Page div.vectorTabs ul {
background-image: none;
background-image: linear-gradient(#ffffff 2%, #f6f6f6 100%);
}

body.page-Test div.vectorTabs ul li,
body.page-Main_Page div.vectorTabs ul li {
border-right: 1px solid #c9c9c9;
border-bottom: 1px solid #c9c9c9;
background-image: none;
background: #eee;
background-image: linear-gradient(#ffffff 2%, #eee 100%);
position: relative;
top: -1px;
}

body.page-Test div.vectorTabs ul li span,
body.page-Test div.vectorTabs ul li a,
body.page-Main_Page div.vectorTabs ul li span,
body.page-Main_Page div.vectorTabs ul li a {
background-image: none;
}

body.page-Test div.vectorTabs ul li.selected,
body.page-Main_Page div.vectorTabs ul li.selected {
background: #f6f6f6;
background-image: linear-gradient(#ffffff 2%, #f6f6f6 100%);
border-bottom: 1px solid #f6f6f6;
}

body.page-Test .mw-body,
body.page-Main_Page .mw-body {
background: #f6f6f6;
border: 1px solid #c9c9c9;
}

body.page-Test #mp-topbanner,
body.page-Main_Page #mp-topbanner {
clear: both;
}

body.page-Test #ca-delete,
body.page-Main_Page #ca-delete {
display: none !important;
}

body.page-Test #deleteconfirm,
body.page-Main_Page #deleteconfirm {
display: none !important;
}

body.page-Test #t-cite,
body.page-Main_Page #t-cite {
display: none !important;
}

body.page-Test #lastmod,
body.page-Main_Page #lastmod {
display: none !important;
}

body.page-Test #siteSub,
body.page-Main_Page #siteSub {
display: none !important;
}

body.page-Test #contentSub,
body.page-Main_Page #contentSub {
display: none !important;
}

body.page-Test #catlinks,
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2022-07-09T08:58:01Z

Admin: Created page with "<div class="mp-box box-sh mp-milestones {{{class|}}}" style="width: auto; {{{style|}}}"> <h2 class='highlight-title-yellow'>Station on the path of Imam al-Husayn(a)</h2>file..."

<div class="mp-box box-sh mp-milestones {{{class|}}}" style="width: auto; {{{style|}}}">
<h2 class='highlight-title-yellow'>Station on the path of Imam al-Husayn(a)</h2>[[file:Caravan.jpg|250px|center]]
{| class="wiki table" style="margin: 0; width: 100%; {{{style|}}}"
!Date !! Station
|-
| 8th Dhu l-Hijja
|
* Bustan Bani Amir
* Abtah
* [[Al-Tan’im]]
|-
| 9th Dhu l-Hijja
|
* [[Al-Sifah]]
|-
| 10th Dhu l-Hijja
|
* Wadi l-'Aqiq
|-
| 14th Dhu l-Hijja
|
* [[Dhat 'Irq]]
* Ayun
* Qumra
|-
| 15th Dhu l-Hijja
|
* [[Al-Ruhayma]]
* [[Al-Hajir]]
* Al-Ajfur
* [[Khuzaymiya]]

|-
| 18th Dhu l-Hijja
|
* [[Zarud]]
* [[Al-Thaʿlabiyya]]

|-
| 19th Dhu l-Hijja
|
* [[Al-Shuquq]]
* [[Zubala]]

|-
| 26th Dhu l-Hijja
|
* Batn al-Aqaba
* [[Sharaf]]
* [[Dhu Husam]]

|-
| 27th Dhu l-Hijja
|
* [[Bayda]]
* [[Udhayb al-Hijanat]]
* [[Qadisiyya]]

|-
| 28th Dhu l-Hijja
|
* [[Qasr Bani Muqatil]]
* Naynawa

|-
| 2nd محرم
|
* [[Karbala]]
|}
</div>

2021-01-02T07:41:45Z

Admin:

dff

Abd Allah b. Azra al-Khath'ami

2020-10-28T08:29:03Z

Admin: Removed protection from "Abd Allah b. Azra al-Khath'ami"

{{Infobox person wikishia
| name = Abd Allah b. Azra al-Khath'ami
| known for = Murderer of Ja'far b. Aqil
| image =
| image_size =
| caption =
| Full Name = Abd Allah b. Azra al-Khath'ami
| Kunya =
| Epithet =
| Well Known As =
| Religious Affiliation =
| Lineage = Khath'am tribe
| Wellknown Relatives =
| Birth =
| Place of Birth =
| Places of Residence = 
| Place of Residence =
| Death/Martyrdom =
| Cause of Death/Martyrdom =
| Burial Place =
| Era = Umayyad Dynasty
| Known for = An archer of the army of Umar b. Sa'd in the Battle of Karbala
| Professors =
| Students =
| Notable roles =
| Works =
| Activities = Joining Mus'ab b. Zubayr
}}
'''Abd Allah b. Azra al-Khath'ami''' (Arabic: عبدالله بن عَزره الخَثعَمی) fought on the side of [[Omar Ibn Sa’d|'Umar b. Sa'd]]'s army in the Battle of [[Karbala]] and killed [[Ja'far b. 'Aqil|Ja'far b. Aqil]]. In the uprising of [[Al-Mukhtar al-Thaqafi|Mukhtar]], he escaped to Basra in an attempt to join Mus'ab b. Zubayr.

==Name and Lineage==
Abd Allah b. Azrah was from Khath'am tribe and his name is also mentioned in sources as Abd Allah b. 'Urwa, 'Urwa b. Abd Allah, and Azra b. Abd Allah.

==In the Battle of Karbala==
In the Battle of Karbala, Abd Allah b. Azra was among the archers of the army of 'Umar b. Sa'd. It is narrated that he shot 12 arrows toward the army of Imam.

On the Day of [[Ashura|Ashura]], he shot an arrow towards Ja'far b. Aqil's heart and martyred him. In some sources, [[Bishr b. Sawt]] is mentioned as the murderer of Ja'far b. Aqil.

In ''Akhbar al-tiwal'', Abd Allah b. Azra was mentioned as the murder of Abd al-Rahman b. Aqil which does not agree with other historical reports.

==Destiny==
After the Uprising of al-Mukhtar broke out in 66/685, he escaped to Basra to join Mus'ab b. Zubayr. His house was ruined by the order of al-Mukhtar al-Thaqafi.

==References==

*[http://en.wikishia.net/view/%27Abd_Allah_b._%27Azra_al-Khath%27ami WikiShia, An online encyclopedia of the school of Ahl al-Bayt]

[[category: Individuals]]
[[category: Historical Characters]]
[[category: Imam Hussain’s Enemies]]
[[category: Murderers of Imam Hussain's army]]

Abd Allah b. Azra al-Khath'ami

2020-10-28T08:27:36Z

Admin: Protected "Abd Allah b. Azra al-Khath'ami" ([Edit=Allow only autoconfirmed users] (indefinite) [Move=Allow only autoconfirmed users] (indefinite))

Template:Twelvers

2019-09-22T11:26:14Z

Admin: Text replacement - "Husayn" to "Hussain"

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* [[Qom]]
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* [[Ni'matullāhī]]
* [[Safavid order|Safaviyya]]
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* {{nowrap|[[Hurufism]]–[[Bektashi Order|Bektashism]]}}
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* [[Marja']] ([[Lists of Maraji|list]])
* [[Hawza]]
* [[Ayatollah]] ([[List of Ayatollahs|list]])
* [[Allamah]]
*  [[Hojatoleslam]]
* [[Ijtihad]]
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| heading8 = Hadith collections
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* [[Nahj al-Balagha|Peak of Eloquence]]
* [[Al-Sahifa al-Sajjadiyya|The Psalms of Islam]]
* [[Kitab al-Kafi|Book of Fundamentals]]
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* [[Reality of Certainty]]
* [[Mafatih al-Janan|Keys of Paradise]]

| heading9 = Related topics
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* [[Criticism of Twelver Shia Islam|Criticism of Twelver Shi'ism]]

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Template:The Fourteen Infallible

2019-09-22T11:26:12Z

Admin: Text replacement - "Husayn" to "Hussain"

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Template:Shia Islam

2019-09-22T11:26:10Z

Admin: Text replacement - "Husayn" to "Hussain"

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* [[Tawassul|Intercession]]
* [[Shia clergy|Clergy]]
* [[The Four Companions]]
* [[Arba'een Pilgrimage]]

| list2name = Holy days
| list2title = [[Shia days of remembrance|Holy days]]
| list2 =
* [[Ashura]]
* [[Arba'een]]
* [[Mawlid]]
* [[Eid al-Fitr]]
* [[Eid al-Adha]]
* [[The event of Ghadir Khumm|Eid al-Ghadeer]]

| list3name = History
| list3title = [[History of Shia Islam|History]]
| list3 =
* [[The verse of purification]]
* [[Hadith of the two weighty things|Two things]]
* [[Event of Mubahala|Mubahala]]
* [[Hadith of the pond of Khumm|Khumm]]
* [[Umar at Fatimah's house|Fatimah's house]]
* [[First Fitna]]
* [[Second Fitna]]
* [[Battle of Karbala]]

| list4name = Branches
| list4title = [[Shia Islam#Branches|Branches of Shi‘i Islam]]
| list4 =
* [[Zaidiyyah|Zaydi Shia]]
* [[Twelver]]s
** [[Ja'fari jurisprudence|Ja'faris]]
*** [[Akhbari]]
*** [[Shayki]]
*** [[Usuli]]
**[[Batin (Islam)|Batini]]
*** [[Alevism]]
*** [[Bektashism and folk religion|Bektashism]]
** [[Ghulat]]
*** [[Alawites]]
*** [[Hurufism]]
** [[Qizilbash]]
* [[Isma'ilism|Ismāʿīlīs]]
** [[Taiyabi Ismaili|Taiyabi]]-[[Musta'li|Musta‘līs]]
*** [[Dawoodi Bohra|Dawoodi]]
*** [[Sulaymani]]
*** [[Alavi Bohras|Alavi]]
** [[Nizari]]s
* [[List of extinct Shia sects|Extinct sects]]

| list5name = Ahl al-Kisa
| list5title = [[Ahl al-Kisa]]
| list5 =
* [[Muhammad in Islam|Muhammad]]
* [[Shia view of Ali|Ali]]
* [[Shia view of Fatimah|Fatimah]]
* [[Hasan ibn Ali|Hasan]]
* [[Hussain ibn Ali|Hussein]]

| list6name = Holy women
| list6title = Holy women
| list6 =
* [[Shia view of Fatimah|Fatimah]]
* [[Khadija bint Khuwaylid]]
* [[Umm Salama]]
* [[Zaynab bint Ali]]
* [[Umm Kulthum bint Ali]]
* [[Umm ul-Banin]]
* [[Fatimah bint Hasan]]
* [[Sukayna bint Hussain]]
* [[Rubab bint Imra al-Qais|Rubab]]
* [[Shahrbanu]]
* [[Fātimah bint Mūsā]]
* [[Hakimah Khātūn]]
* [[Narjis]]
* [[Fatimah bint Asad]]
* [[Umm Farwah bint al-Qasim]]

| belowstyle = padding-top:0.1em;font-weight:bold;line-height:1.5em;
| below = {{portal-inline|Shia Islam|size=tiny}}

}}</includeonly><noinclude>
{{Documentation
| content = {{Shia Islam|all}}
{{Collapsible lists option
| listnames = Beliefs and practices, Holy days, History, Branches, Ahl al-Kisa, Holy women
| example = Beliefs and practices
}}
}}

[[Category:Islam templates| ]]
[[Category:"Part of a series on" sidebar templates|Shia Islam]]
[[Category:Islam sidebar templates|Shia Islam]]
</noinclude>

Template:Shia Imams

2019-09-22T11:26:10Z

Admin: Text replacement - "Husayn" to "Hussain"

{{Navbox
| name = Shia Imams
| title = [[Imamah (Shia doctrine)|Shia Imams]]
| listclass = hlist
| state = {{{state|}}}

| group1 = [[Imamate (Twelver doctrine)|Twelver]]
| list1 =
# [[Ali]]
# [[Hasan ibn Ali]]
# [[Hussain Ibn Ali]]
# [[Ali ibn Hussain Zayn al-Abidin]]
# [[Muhammad al-Baqir]]
# [[Ja'far al-Sadiq]]
# [[Musa al-Kadhim]]
# [[Ali al-Ridha]]
# [[Muhammad al-Jawad]]
# [[Ali al-Hadi]]
# [[Hasan al-Askari]]
# [[Muhammad al-Mahdi]]

| group2 = [[List of Ismaili imams|Tayyibi]]
| list2 =
* [[Ali]] (''"Asās"'' or ''"Wāsih"'' of ''[[Prophets of Islam|Nabi]]'' [[Muhammad]])
# [[Hasan ibn Ali|Hasan]]
# [[Hussain ibn Ali|Hussain]]
# [[Ali ibn Hussain Zayn al-Abidin|al-Sajjad]]
# [[Muhammad al-Baqir|al-Baqir]]
# [[Ja'far al-Sadiq|Jafar al-Sādiq]]
# [[Isma'il ibn Jafar|Ismā'il]]
# [[Muhammad ibn Isma'il|Muhammad]]
# [[Ahmad al-Wafi (Abadullah)|Abadullāh ''(Wāfi Ahmad)'']]
# [[Muhammad at-Taqi (Ahmed ibn Abadullah)|Ahmad ''(Tāqi Muhammad)'']]
# [[Rabi Abdullah|Hussain ''(Rādhi Abdullāh)'']]
# [[Al-Mahdi Billah|Abdullah al-Mahdi]]
# [[Al-Qa'im bi-Amr Allah|Muhammad al-Qā'im]]
# [[al-Mansur Billah|Ismāʿīl al-Mansur]]
# [[Al-Mu'izz li-Din Allah|Ma'ādd al-Mu'izz]]
# [[Al-Aziz Billah|Nizār al-Aziz]]
# [[Al-Hakim bi-Amr Allah|Mansur al-Hākim]]
# [[Ali az-Zahir|Ali az-Zāhir]]
# [[al-Mustansir Billah|Ma'ādd al-Mustansir]]
# [[al-Musta'li|Ahmad al-Mustāʿli]]
# [[Al-Amir bi-Ahkami'l-Lah|Mansur al-Amir]]
# [[At-Tayyib Abu'l-Qasim|Abu'l-Qāsim at-Tāyyib]]

| group3 = [[Imamate in Nizari doctrine|Nizari]]
| list3 =
# [[Ali]]
# [[Hussain ibn Ali]]
# [[Ali ibn Hussain Zayn al-Abidin]]
# [[Muhammad al-Baqir]]
# [[Ja'far al-Sadiq]]
# [[Isma'il ibn Jafar]]
# [[Muhammad ibn Isma'il]]
# [[Ahmad al-Wafi]]
# [[Muhammad at-Taqi]]
# [[Radi Abdullah|Abdullah ar-Radi]]
# [[Abdullah al-Mahdi Billah]]
# [[al-Qa'im bi-Amr Allah]]
# [[al-Mansur Billah]]
# [[Al-Mu'izz li-Din Allah]]
# [[Al-Aziz Billah]]
# [[Al-Hakim bi-Amr Allah]]
# [[Ali az-Zahir]]
# [[al-Mustansir Billah]]
# [[Nizar (Fatimid Imam)|Nizar]]
# al-Hādī
# al-Mutadī
# al-Qāhir
# [[Hassan II (Imam)|Hassan II]]
# [[Nur al-Din Muhammad II]]
# [[Jalaluddin Hasan]]
# [[‘Alā’ ad-Dīn Muḥammad III]]
# [[Rukn al-Din Khurshah]]
# [[Shamsu-d-Dīn Muḥammad]]
# Qāsim Shāh
# Islām Shāh
# Muḥammad ibn Islām Shāh
# al-Mustanṣir billāh II
# ʿAbdu s-Salām Shāh
# Gharīb Mīrzā
# Abū Dharr ʻAlī
# [[Murād Mīrzā]]
# Dhū-l-Fiqār ʻAlī
# Nūru d-Dīn ʻAlī
# Khalīlullāh II ʻAlī
# Nizār II
# as-Sayyid ʻAlī
# Ḥasan ʻAlī
# Qāsim ʻAlī
# Abū-l-Hasan ʻAlī
# [[Shāh Khalīlullāh III]]
# [[Aga Khan I]]
# [[Aga Khan II]]
# [[Aga Khan III]]
# [[Aga Khan IV]]
}}<noinclude>
[[Category:Islam navigational boxes‎]]
[[Category:Muslim people templates]]
</noinclude>